World War I

1. World War I Unit 5 RMS IB 2012-2013 Mr. Hardy

2. Stop and Jot! *Look at the cartoon… Free write about what you think the cartoon means. - Do NOT stop writing until the music stops!!!

3. Prior to Conflict • Imperialism- 1600’s- 1800’s • European nations had controlled over 85% of the Earth’s land for colonies • Controlling the most territory became a competition between rival nations causing tension.

4. Prior to Conflict- Part 2 • Nationalism • Citizens of European nations became very proud of their nations accomplishments. • Provided the people with a sense of power! • Representing one’s homeland gave people a sense of nation pride that they wanted to maintain by becoming more and more powerful

5. What does the cartoon tell us about Nationalism?

6. Prior to Conflict- Part 3 • Militarism • To encourage national pride, governments began to build large and strong militaries. • Their armies now contain the newest weapons and technology of the time, which increased their power!

7. Alliances • In order to encourage nation stability, European nations entered into alliances with out strong nations. • These alliances “dragged” nations into war! • Triple Alliance • Germany • Austria-Hungry • Italy • Triple Entente • France • Great Britain • Russia

9. Immediate Causes of Global War • Creation of a new nation- Serbia • Bosnia (neighbor to Serbia) was taken over and added to Austria Hungary's Empire • Upset the people of Serbia • Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand • June 28th, 1914 • Killed by member of the Blank Hand (Serbian Nationalist Group) • Supported all Serbian causes • Ferdinand was the heir to the Austria Hungary throne • Mobilizations • Nations that felt threatened by the actions of rivals organized the armies • Became ready for battle! • Alliances • Once 1 member of the alliance went to war, the other members joined in support!

11. War Begins! • 1914- War begins when the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente enter into warfare • Alliances changed their names to… • Allied Powers (previously Triple Entente) • Central Powers (previously Triple Alliance) • 1914-1917- The United States stayed neutral • Neutral means to not take part of or give assistance in a dispute or war between others • Source: www.dictionary.com

12. U.S. Enters WWI • Causes that brought the U.S. into war: • Sinking of the Lusitania, 1915 • Passenger cruise ship that entered a war zone • German U-Boat attacked the ship causing it to sink • Over 1,000 people died, including 128 Americans • Zimmerman Telegram, January 1917 • Arthur Zimmerman, German government official, sent a telegram to the German Abassador to Mexico. • Offered Mexico U.S. territory if they were to join WWI as an ally to Germany. • American Citizens • Outraged by the sinking of the Lusitania and the Zimmerman Telegram, American citizens called for war!!!!! *The United States entered World War I on April 6th, 1917

14. A New Kind of War • Trench Warfare • Opposing sides dug deep trenches opposite of each other • Soldiers would fight from within the trenches and try to cross “No Man’s Land” to gain territory • “No Man’s Land”- territory between trenches • Barbed wire and weapons blocked your way to the other side • Think- No man” made it across • Technology • Airplane • Tanks • Machine Guns • Mustard Gas • Submarines

15. Trench Warefare

17. End of the Great War • Armistice- stopped fighting • Central Powers surrendered in November 1918 • Treaty of Paris- January 1919 • Leaders involved- George Clemenseau (France), Vittoria Orlando (Italy), David Lloyd George (England), and Woodrow Wilson (USA) • Punishments to Germany • No military! • Pay reparations (pay back the Allied Powers for the money they had spent on the war)