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Properties of Matter. Page 36-55. Matter. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Volume is the amount of space taken up or occupied by an object. (demo). Volume.
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Properties of Matter Page 36-55
Matter • Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. • Volume is the amount of space taken up or occupied by an object. (demo)
Volume • Meniscus- is the curve at the surface of a liquid. To measure the volume of most liquids look at the bottom of the meniscus. • Volume of a Regularly shaped solid object you will take length X width X height • Volume of an Irregularly shaped solid object-by measuring the volume of water it displaces
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object Mass is always constant for an object no matter where the object is located in the universe. (cont) Weight is a measure of the gravitational force on an object. Weight varies depending on where the object is in relation to the Earth (or any large body in the universe) (cont) Differences between mass and weight
Mass is measured by using a balance Mass is expressed in kilograms (kg), grams (g), and milligrams (mg) Weight is measured by using a spring scale Weight is expressed in newtons (N) Differences (continued)
Measuring mass and weight • One newton has a mass of 100 g on Earth • Therefore if you know the mass of an object on Earth you can determine its weight on Earth. • Example problem
Example • A student has a mass of 45, 000 g How much does this student weigh in Newtons? • 1. Write out the information given you: 45, 000 g 2. Write the conversion factor to change grams into newtons. 1 N = 100 g
Example (cont) • 3. Write the equation so that grams will cancel 45, 000 g X 1N / 100 g = 450 N
Inertia • Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion Therefore the following statements are true: 1. An object at rest will remain at rest until something causes the object to move
Inertia (cont) • 2. A moving object will keep moving at the same speed and in the same direction unless something acts on the object to change its speed or direction. • 3. Mass is the measure of inertia: An object that has a large mass is harder to get moving and harder to stop than an object with less mass.
Physical Properties • A physical property of matter can be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity.
Examples of Physical properties • A. Thermal conductivity- is the rate at which a substance transfers heat. • B. State- is the physical form in which a substance exists for example solid,liquid,gas, • Density- is the mass per unit volume of a substance.
Examples of Physical Prop • 4. Solubility- is the ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance • 5. Ductility- is the ability of a substance to be pulled into a wire. • 6. Malleability- is the ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets.
Solving for Density • What is the density of an object whose mass is 25 g and whose volume is 10 ml? • Write the equation for density D = m/v • Replace m and V with the measurements given in the problem and solve. • D= 25 g/10 ml = 2.5 g/ml
Other density equations • M = D X V • V = m?D
Physical changes • Only affects one or more physical properties of a substance • The identity of the matter involved are not changed in a physical change. • The physical state can change in a physical change
