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APPENDIX B NETWORKS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS

APPENDIX B NETWORKS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS. NETWORK BASICS. Telecommunication system - Enable the transmission of data over public or private networks

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APPENDIX B NETWORKS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS

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  1. APPENDIX B NETWORKS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS

  2. NETWORK BASICS • Telecommunication system -Enable the transmission of data over public or private networks • Network -A communications system created by linking two or more devices and establishing a standard methodology in which they can communicate

  3. NETWORK BASICS • The three types of networks include: • Local area network (LAN) • Metropolitan area network (MAN) • Wide area network (WAN)

  4. NETWORK BASICS • Networks are differentiated by the following: • Architecture - peer-to-peer, client/server • Topology - bus, star, ring, hybrid, wireless • Protocols - Ethernet, Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) • Media - coaxial, twisted-pair, fiber-optic

  5. ARCHITECTURE • There are two primary types of architectures • Peer-to-peer (P2P) network • Client/server network

  6. PEER-TO-PEER NETWORKS • Peer-to-peer (P2P) network - Any network without a central file server and in which all computers in the network have access to the public files located on all other workstations

  7. CLIENT/SERVER NETWORKS • Client - A computer that is designed to request information from a server • Server - A computer that is dedicated to providing information in response to external requests • Client/server network - Model for applications in which the bulk of the back-end processing takes place on a server, while the front-end processing is handled by the clients

  8. TOPOLOGY • Network topology - Refers to the geometric arrangement of the actual physical organization of the computers and other network devices) in a network • Bus • Star • Ring • Hybrid • Wireless

  9. PROTOCOLS • Protocol - A standard that specifies the format of data as well as the rules to be followed during transmission • Interoperability - The capability of two or more computer systems to share data and resources, even though they are made by different manufacturers

  10. TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL/ INTERNET PROTOCOL • Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) - Provides the technical foundation for the public Internet as well as for large numbers of private network

  11. TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL/ INTERNET PROTOCOL • TCP/IP applications • File transfer protocol (FTP) • Simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP) • Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) • Simple network management Protocol (SNMP)

  12. VOICE OVER IP (VOIP) • Voice over IP (VoIP) - Uses TCP/IP technology to transmit voice calls over long-distance telephone lines

  13. MEDIA • Network transmission media -Refers to the various types of media used to carry the signal between computers • Wire media (guided) • Wireless media (unguided)

  14. WIRE MEDIA • Wire media - Transmission material manufactured so that signals will be confined to a narrow path and will behave predictably • Three most commonly used types include: • Twisted-pair wiring • Coaxial cable • Fiber optic (or optical fiber)

  15. WIRELESS MEDIA • Wireless media - Natural parts of the Earth’s environment that can be used as physical paths to carry electrical signals

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