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Cutting Edge Research

Cutting Edge Research. Joseph R DiFranza, MD Department of Family Medicine and Community Health University of Massachusetts Medical School. The Stages of Physical Addiction. Population data on Stages of Addiction Are there gender differences? Are there racial differences?

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Cutting Edge Research

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  1. Cutting Edge Research Joseph R DiFranza, MD Department of Family Medicine and Community Health University of Massachusetts Medical School

  2. The Stages of Physical Addiction • Population data on Stages of Addiction • Are there gender differences? • Are there racial differences? • How do the Stages relate to smoking frequency? • How do they relate to lifetime cigarette consumption?

  3. The Stages of Physical Addiction • What are the predictors of progression from one stage to the next? • How long do people stay in each stage? • Is the rate of progression influenced by gender, race, or genetics?

  4. The Stages of Physical Addiction • At what stage do smokers realize they are addicted? • At what stage do smokers call themselves smokers? • Does attempting to quit at earlier stages equate to greater success? • It may be possible to assess Stages retrospectively in ex-smokers.

  5. The Latency to Needing a Cigarette • Need population data on the distribution of LTNC. • How does LTNC relate to smoking frequency? • How does LTNC relate to lifetime use? • How does LTNC differ by gender or race? • How does LTNC relate to the HONC and other measures of dependence? • What influences the rate at which the LTNC shrinks?

  6. The Autonomy Over Tobacco Scale • How are AUTOS scores distributed across populations? • Do AUTOS scores differ by gender and race? • How do AUTOS scores relate to Stages of Physical Addiction and Latency to Needing a Cigarette? • What is the natural history of AUTOS symptoms after cessation? • Does the AUTOS predict cessation? • Which AUTOS subscales best predict cessation? • Does the use of the AUTOS improve quitting?

  7. Pleasure From Smoking • What happens to pleasure over time? • How does pleasure relate to the Stage of Physical Dependence? • What is the relationship between pleasure and tolerance? • Does pleasure predict the smoking trajectory? • Does pleasure predict cessation outcomes when controlled for severity of dependence?

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