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Orbital Debris Detector Sensor Subsystem

The Orbital Debris Detector Sensor Subsystem aims to enhance our understanding of space debris, particularly those smaller than 10-30 cm, which cause significant damage to satellites but are undetectable from Earth. Utilizing a piezo film sensor mounted on SWESat, the system records the size, speed, and direction of debris impacts. Testing has involved various speeds to ensure efficacy. Future tasks include substrate mounting, data analysis, and testing methodologies that allow particles to pass through the sensor for comprehensive data acquisition.

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Orbital Debris Detector Sensor Subsystem

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  1. Orbital Debris Detector Sensor Subsystem Elizabeth Jesse

  2. Overview • SWESat Overview • Sensor Requirements • Previous Progress • Current Phase • Data / Necessary Changes • Future Tasks

  3. Purpose • Debris smaller than a 10-30 cm cannot be detected from the Earth’s surface but does a majority of the damage to satellites; •  Information on the smaller debris is extrapolated from space exposed surfaces returned to Earth; and • Information on higher altitude and higher angle of inclination orbits is based on conjecture.

  4. Sensor Requirements • Record the size speed and direction of debris to improve existing debris models • Register signal from debris impact • Determine size between 10 µm and 1 cm • Determine speed • Determine direction • Mount on SWESat and/or as a payload on another mission.

  5. Design • Sensor made of piezo film • polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) • Nickel and Aluminum • Both sides coated with Kapton (polyimide) Tape • Emits an electric signal when stressed • Wires connected to the nickel-aluminum coating transfer signal to the computer

  6. SWESat Design • Prototype - 6 inch square of film in an aluminum frame • Each sensor will be electrically and structurally isolated • A grid pattern of these modules will make up the SWESat sensor

  7. Sensor Testing • Low speed drop tests: • Metal tip darts • Various radius shot • Speed based on height • Medium speed testing: • 1.5 to 2 km/s • 10 µm to 1 cm • High speed testing • Up to 10 km/s • 10 µm to 1 cm

  8. Sensor Testing

  9. Medium Speed Data

  10. The Next Steps • Mount the Film on a substrate. • Retest in April 2008. • Analyze the data specifically as a payload on another mission. • Develop a method of testing that allows particle to pass through the sensor. • High Speed testing.

  11. Questions

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