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Comprehensive Overview of Air and Gas Movement in Pump Systems

This report delves into the dynamics of air and gas movement within different pumping systems, highlighting the similarities between pumps for liquids and fans for gases. It explores ideal gas laws, pressure measurements in SI and USCS units, and defines the roles of various airflow devices including fans, blowers, and compressors. The report discusses fan performance, selection criteria, operational efficiency, and associated costs while providing critical calculations and design considerations. Key maintenance practices and common inefficiencies related to compressed air usage are also addressed.

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Comprehensive Overview of Air and Gas Movement in Pump Systems

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  1. Sandwell Pump project report

  2. Gases • Similarities • Pumps – liquids • Fans - gases • Compressible • Ideal gas law: density • Pressure • SI – Pa • USCS – psi, in WG

  3. Air movers • Fans: < 2psi • Blowers: 2 to 10 psi • Compressors: can be thousands of psi

  4. Axial: Radial (centrifugal) Fans

  5. Axial Fan performance

  6. Fan selection Axial & centrifugal overlap Not interchangeable

  7. Air flow rate Pressure: total & static Air temperature Rotational speed Efficiency Operational life Construction material Drive arrangement Operating costs Price Space needs Layout of components Fan selection

  8. Fan selection • Availability • Delivery • Familiarity

  9. Fan curve development

  10. Fan rating • SCFM • ACFM • Steady displacement device

  11. Fan calculations • h = KsQ • V = 4005√P • P = C (V/1097)2ρ • Power = 0.000157Q P

  12. Fan Laws • Air flow varies directly with impeller speed • Static pressure varies with square of impeller speed • Fan power varies with cube of impeller speed.

  13. Specific speed • Design criteria

  14. Centrifugal fan • Widely used • BEP • Cost effective • High energy efficiency • Reduced fan wear • Reduced noise

  15. Accessory equipment Filters & screens Lubricators Coolers Dryers: refrigerator, absorbers, adsorber Traps & drains

  16. Compressed air costs • Most expensive utility in mill • Misuses • Open blowing • Sparging • Padding • Unregulated feed – diaphram pump • Cabinet cooling • Personnel use

  17. Compressed air costs - leaks

  18. Reading - Mott • Chapter 18: sections 1 through 5 • Chapter 13

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