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Assessment and Treatment of the Respiratory System

Assessment and Treatment of the Respiratory System. For the Paramedic Student Heather Davis, MS, NREMT-P. Primary Assessment. Ensure Patency open airway airway adjunct Assess for Sounds of Compromise suction Assess adequacy of Breathing Ventilate as Needed Administer Oxygen as Needed.

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Assessment and Treatment of the Respiratory System

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  1. Assessment and Treatment of the Respiratory System For the Paramedic Student Heather Davis, MS, NREMT-P

  2. Primary Assessment • Ensure Patency • open airway • airway adjunct • Assess for Sounds of Compromise • suction • Assess adequacy of Breathing • Ventilate as Needed • Administer Oxygen as Needed

  3. Secondary Assessment • History • Physical Exam • inspection • auscultation • palpation

  4. Non-invasive Monitoring • Pulse oximetry • Capnography

  5. Basic Airway Management • Universal precautions • Ensure patency • Protect C-spine • Perform manual maneuvers • Use basic airway adjuncts • Use advanced maneuvers for maximum effectiveness

  6. Manual Airway Maneuvers • Highly effective and require no special equipment • Head-tilt/chin-lift • Jaw-thrust • Modified jaw-thrust • Sellick’s maneuver

  7. Basic Mechanical Airways • Lift tongue off of oropharynx; used after manual maneuvers • Oropharyngeal • Nasopharyngeal

  8. Advanced Airway Management • EOA • EGTA • PTL • Combitube • Endotracheal Intubation • Digital Intubation • Transillumination Intubation • Nasotracheal Intubation

  9. More Advanced Airways • Special Circumstances • Trauma patient • Children • RSI • Foreign body removal

  10. Surgical Airways • Needle Cricothyrotomy • Transtracheal Jet Ventilation

  11. Suctioning • Equipment • suction units • suction catheters • Hazards • hypoxia, dysrythmias, vagal stimulation, gag • Techniques

  12. Oxygenation • Benefits of oxygen administration • increases percent O2 in inspired air • increases O2 concentration in alveoli • increases arterial O2 levels • increases O2 delivered to tissues

  13. Oxygen Delivery Devices • Nasal Cannula • Simple Face Mask • Nonrebreather Mask • Venturi Mask

  14. Ventilation • Goals of ventilation • Overcome elastic resistance of lungs • maintain a good seal • maintain patent airway • deliver adequate ventilatory volumes • avoid gastric distention and regurgitation

  15. Ventilation • Procedures and Devices • mouth-to-mouth • pocket mask • BVM • demand valve • autovent

  16. Any Questions?

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