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Mobilizing America: WWI Transformation

Explore how WWI mobilized industries, labor, finance, and public opinion in America. Learn about government interventions, labor standards, financial contributions, and civil liberties restrictions during the war. Uncover the shifts in society, including women taking on men's jobs and African American migration. Dive into the challenges of balancing liberty and security in times of conflict. Create propaganda reflecting American missions or critiquing domestic transformations.

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Mobilizing America: WWI Transformation

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  1. Mobilizing Industry (24.3) • War Industries Board (Bernard Baruch): • Govt. decides what is produced, set prices in areas like industry, agriculture, transportation, fuel • Daylight savings time introduced • Production and efficiency increased • Food and Fuel Administration (Hoover) • Wheatless, meatless, gasless, heatless days • Prohibition proposed 1917

  2. Food and Fuel Administrations set up to conserve materials

  3. Mobilizing Labor (24.3 and 24.4) • Labor: • Government set standards for wages, hours, conditions • Worked with unions to prevent strikes • Women took men’s jobs • “act of patriotism” (1 million) • 4 M Blacks moved north to fill factory jobs 1910-1930 • Created opportunities BUT tension • HUGE opportunities for Women / Blacks Bridgeport, CT New Haven, CT

  4. Mobilizing Finance (24.3) • Money: • $35.5 billion to war effort • Billions to allies • Collected through • Taxes (War Revenue Act) • Loans / Gov’t bonds • Pressure to buy…

  5. Standard # 3 • Analyze the role of government and the media on public opinion and civil liberties during WWI • Liberty vs. Security • Which do you value more? • This question comes up often during times of war

  6. Mobilizing Public Opinion: Disloyalty • Civil Liberties Restricted! • Espionage Act 1917– crime to interfere with draft, spying, sabotage. • Sedition Act 1918– crack down on dissent, language… • Schenck v. US • Govt. able to limit speech in special circumstances • 1st Amendment….not always a guarantee • Penalties: Fines up to 10,000, deportations, 20 years in Jail, mail censorship, publications banned and English ONLY!!

  7. Other Civil Liberties • Women gain the right to vote • African Americans – 3,000 lynched in US

  8. Wrap - Up

  9. Assignment • Create a piece of propaganda that either • 1) Is supportive of the American mission in Europe • 2) Is critical of the domestic changes that have occurred in America. • Espionage & Sedition Act • Race Issues • Gender Differences

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