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Energy and Sustainability

This comprehensive overview explores how much energy individuals and the United States as a whole consume. It breaks down daily energy needs, highlighting that a typical U.S. resident uses around 848,000 BTUs daily, including 8,000 BTUs from food. The text outlines U.S. energy sources and usage, revealing the significance of fossil fuels alongside emerging renewables. With insights into consumption patterns across various countries and ongoing energy reserves, we examine the pressing need for sustainable energy practices in light of the carbon challenge.

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Energy and Sustainability

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  1. EnergyandSustainability

  2. Energy How much energy do you need? How much energy do you use?

  3. How much energy do you need? • Energy from food • = 2,000 Calories / day • = 8,000 BTUs / day • Energy forall of the other things you do • = (Take a guess) _____________ BTUs ? Energy

  4. Total annual energy consumption in the United States (2011) 97.3 quadrillion BTUs ~ 1017 BTUs ~ 1020 Joules (1 BTU = 1055 Joules) How much?

  5. Total U.S. energy consumption = 97 x 1015 BTUs / year Then yourenergy consumption / day is 97 x 1015 BTUs / year (316,000,000 people) (365 days / year) = 840,000BTUs / person / day ( + 8,000 BTUs from food ) How much?

  6. So, if you are a typical U.S. resident, you will use about 848,000 BTUs of energy today Food: 8,000 BTUs For all other things: 840,000 BTUs How can this be? How much?

  7. Sector Electric Power 40% Transportation 28% Industry 21% Res & Commercial 11% Total (97 quads) 100% U.S. Energy Uses Your energy use = Direct use + Indirect use

  8. U.S. Energy Sources

  9. Source (quads) Hydroelectric 3.2 Wood 2.0 Biofuels 1.9 Wind 1.2 Waste 0.5 Geothermal 0.2 Solar / PV 0.2 Total (quads) 9.1 U.S. Renewable Energy Renewables are ~ 9% of U.S. Total Energy Consumed

  10. World Energy Consumption Oil 35% Natural Gas 24% Coal 28% Nuclear 6% Hydro 6% Renewable 2% Total 510 quads = 200,000 BTUs / person / day

  11. Personal Consumption BTUs / person / day United States 840,000 Australia 718,000 France 498,000 Japan 440,000 Mexico 157,000 China 130,000 Brazil 84,000 India 36,000 Parts of Africa 7,000

  12. Population

  13. Population

  14. How much energy do we have left?

  15. Energy Reserves Estimated world reserves of fossil fuels (in quadrillion BTUs): Years left Quads at current consumed consumption Reserves per year rate Oil6,370 178 36 Natural gas 6,390 121 53 Coal 20,250 143 142

  16. Are there any other problems?

  17. The Carbon Problem Fuels: Oil 35% Natural Gas 24% 87% Coal 28% Nuclear 6% Hydro 6% Renewable 2% 510 Quadrillion BTUs / year

  18. The Carbon Problem

  19. The Carbon Problem

  20. Conservation • Efficiency • Geothermal • Solar • Passive • Photovoltaic • Fuel cells • Tidal • Wind • Waves • Hydroelectric • Nuclear • Biomass Green Strategies

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