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Cardiac Considerations

Cardiac Considerations. Draw and label a diagram of the heart Explain the cardiac cycle Describe how the heart works Discuss heart regulation at rest and during exercise Discuss cardiac dynamics. The Heart. Function

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Cardiac Considerations

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  1. Cardiac Considerations • Draw and label a diagram of the heart • Explain the cardiac cycle • Describe how the heart works • Discuss heart regulation at rest and during exercise • Discuss cardiac dynamics

  2. The Heart Function To provide the pumping action and force for blood transportation around the vascular system

  3. The Heart Myocardium - Cardiac Muscle Four Chambers • Two Upper - Atria • Two Lower - Ventricles

  4. The Heart • Blood flows into the upper chambers via three veins • Vena Cava • Superior & Inferior • Pulmonary Vein

  5. The Heart • As the Atria contract blood is pushed through two valves • Tricuspid Valve - Right side of heart • Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve - left side of heart

  6. The Heart • The blood passes through the valves into the ventricles. The atria relax and the valves close.

  7. The Heart • The ventricles then contract and the blood is then transported away from the heart via two arteries • Aorta • Pulmonary Artery

  8. The Heart Beat • Sinoatrial (SA) Node • Atrioventricular (AV) Node • AV bundle ( Bundle of His) • Purkinje Fibres

  9. Control of the Heart Beat • The Parasympathetic Nervous System • Decreases HR • Sympathetic Nervous System • Increases HR & Contraction force • The Endocrine System (release of hormones) • Increases HR & Contraction Force

  10. The ElectroCardioGram • P Wave • Atrial Depolarisation • QRS Complex • Ventricular Depolarisation • T Wave • Ventricular Depolariastion

  11. The Cardiac Cycle • Systole • Contraction phase • Diastole • Relaxation phase

  12. Cardiac Dynamics • Heart Rate (HR) • The number of heart beats measured in a minute • Stroke Volume (SV) • The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle in a single contraction • Cardiac output (Q) • The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle in a minute (SV x HR)

  13. Independent Learning Session Using the Biopac package • Conduct and record an ECG • Annotate the ECG by identifying The PQRST Atrial and Ventricle systole & diastole

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