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Cardiac Enzymes

Cardiac Enzymes. Risk factors for MI. Six primary risk factors: 1- hyperlipidemia , 2- diabetes mellitus, 3- hypertension, 4- smoking, 5- male gender. 6- family history of atherosclerotic arterial disease. Time course of enzymes activity in MI.

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Cardiac Enzymes

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  1. Cardiac Enzymes

  2. Risk factors for MI • Six primary risk factors: 1- hyperlipidemia, 2- diabetes mellitus, 3- hypertension, 4- smoking, 5- male gender. 6- family history of atherosclerotic arterial disease.

  3. Time course of enzymes activity in MI

  4. Signs and Symptoms of Myocardial Infarction • Chest pain described as a pressure sensation, fullness, or squeezing in the midportion of the thorax. • Radiation of chest pain into the jaw or teeth, shoulder, arm, and/or back • Associated dyspnea or shortness of breath • Associated epigastric discomfort with or without nausea and vomiting • Associated diaphoresis or sweating.

  5. Case study • A 46-year old overweight man comes to see his family doctor complaining of indigestion for 5 days. His BP is 148/105. His father dying of AMI secondary to diabetes mellitus. ECG revealed changes from one done 6 months earlier. Blood analysis revealed: • CK 129 U/L (30-60) • CK-MB 4% (<6%) • LD 280 U/L (100-255) • AST 35 U/L (5-30).

  6. What is Metabolic Syndrome? Metabolic Syndrome is a combination of medical disorders that increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes. (1) ___________________ (1) American Heart Association, 2007

  7. Definition of Metabolic Syndrome Defined by the NCEP ATPIII and updated by the AHA(2). Requires at least three of the following: Abdominal obesity:( ≥ 102 cm in males and ≥ 88 cm in females). Triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL. HDL Cholesterol < 40 mg/dL in males and < 50 mg/dL in females. Blood Pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg. Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL. ___________________________ (2) National Cholesterol Education Program; Adult Treatment Panel III, 2001

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