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Civilizations of East Asia

World History Chapter 12. Civilizations of East Asia. Sui and Tang Dynasties. Tried to reunite China (like the Hans did) but were unsuccessful Defeated by the Turks while trying to conquer Manchuria An uprising in 618 ended the Sui dynasty and marked the beginning of the Tang dynasty

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Civilizations of East Asia

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  1. World History Chapter 12 Civilizations of East Asia

  2. Sui and Tang Dynasties • Tried to reunite China (like the Hans did) but were unsuccessful • Defeated by the Turks while trying to conquer Manchuria • An uprising in 618 ended the Sui dynasty and marked the beginning of the Tang dynasty • Tangs defeated the Turks, extended Chinese borders, and established their capital in Xi’an

  3. More on Tang …… • Gave way to 1000 year Golden Age • Tang dynasty starts to decline in 900 A.D. for three reasons: • Weak emperors • Loss of tax dollars • Outside invaders

  4. The Sung Dynasty • Started after the Tang Dynasty • The Sung Dynasty extended Chinese borders even further • Used gunpowder for guns • Invented printing on paper with movable type • Chinese population increased to over 100 million • Agriculture changes: used irrigation and all land was now taxed

  5. Sung Dynasty continued… • This slide is not on your test so enjoy! • During the Sung Dynasty more people lived in cities rather than rural areas than every before • During this time the role of women in China began to lessen, there was less work for them to do in the cities. • The custom of foot-binding became common practice among the wealthy women and eventually small feet became a sign of feminine beauty. • Foot-binding was brutal and the result crippled the feet of the women who did it. The practice was meant to show that a man was successful because it showed that the wife did not need to do work because they could afford servants

  6. Women with bound feet

  7. Results of foot-binding

  8. MmmMmm Good!

  9. Mongolia • People that lived in central Asia were nomadic • They raised horses, sheep and were fierce warriors • The nomadic leader of this group was called Genghis Khan • He controlled the largest empire the world had ever known • His warriors loved to fight and kill (were bloodthirsty) and they conquered all of China and most of Persia

  10. Mongolia

  11. Genghis Khan

  12. Mongolia continued… • Genghis’ grandson was named Kublai Kahn • He was called the “Great Khan” and was head of the Mongol Empire • Kublai adopted many Chinese ways and relied on Chinese government officials • Kublai built 2 palaces one in Mongolia & one near Beijing

  13. Mongol Territory 1260-1294

  14. Contact with Europe • One of the benefits of Kublai Khan’s rule in China was contact with Europe • It was under Kublai’s rule that Italian merchant and explorer was sent by the pope and King Louis XIV named Marco Polo • As Kublai’s special representative, Marco Polo traveled China for 17 years and wrote about his travels and experiences in his book The Travels of Marco Polo • King Louis IX of France and the Pope in Rome also sent ambassadors to China

  15. Tapestry of Kublai & Marco Polo

  16. Japan • Mostly mountains; very little farmland • They believed in nature gods called kami • They believed these spirits lived in natural objects like the sand, trees or a waterfall • The religion is called Shinto meaning “way of the kami” • Although Japan developed the Shinto religion independent of China the Japanese adapted Chinese writing and Buddhism • Japan’s capital city of Heian-kyo (now Kyoto) was established

  17. Feudal Japan • This came about when the emperor gave MinamotoYoritomo of the Minamoto clan the title of Shogun, or general. • The emperor kept his throne but the shoguns had control over the military, finances and law • At the local level wealthy land owners also had power as well. They maintained their power by hiring warriors land lords called samuraifor protection • The samurai followed a code known as Bushido, or way of the warrior • If the samurai displeased their master or were defeated in battle they would perform Seppuku (hara-kiri) which is a ritual suicide, to avoid the dishonor that accompanied defeat

  18. Samurai Warriors

  19. Samurai suit of armor

  20. Samurai sword set: 1. Katana (longsword) – main sword for battle 2. Wakazashi (shortsword) – used for seppuku3. Tanto (dagger) – used for parrying

  21. Zen Buddhism • Zen Buddhism was introduced to Japan in the 1100’s • Zen taught salvation through enlightenment (meditation and discipline), not faith • Zen emphasized an appreciation of nature • Much of the appreciation was showed through art such as Zen landscaping & the tea ceremony

  22. Buddhist temple in Japan

  23. Zen garden

  24. Even ancient Japan knew the Dark Side

  25. STUDY FOR YOUR TEST!!

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