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20 th Century Oil Spills

20 th Century Oil Spills. BY Won Joon Yang. Content . Oil Spills Santa Barbara Oil Spill Where? How? Ecological Impact Funny Quotes Clean Up efforts Aftermath Gulf War Oil Spills Where? How? Damage Clean Up Change in Exxon Oil Pollution Act Recovery. Oil Spills?.

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20 th Century Oil Spills

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  1. 20th Century Oil Spills BY Won Joon Yang

  2. Content • Oil Spills • Santa Barbara Oil Spill • Where? • How? • Ecological Impact • Funny Quotes • Clean Up efforts • Aftermath • Gulf War Oil Spills • Where? • How? • Damage • Clean Up • Change in Exxon • Oil Pollution Act • Recovery

  3. Oil Spills? • Accidental petroleum release into environment • 70% are oil transportation leakages • Lasting Detrimental effects

  4. Santa Barbara Oil Spill • January, 29, 1969 • 80,000 to 100,000 barrels of oil • Detrimental effects to the environment • Gave birth to a movement • Biggest that California has seen

  5. Where? • 6 miles(10Km) from the coast of Union Oil Platform A • Only 14 minutes for oil to show • 800 mile square area. • Oil coated 35 mile of coastline

  6. How? • Dug 3500 feet for oil • “mud” used to maintain pressure became dangerously low • Initially successful but later devastating • Created five break points for leakage • Not Meeting Safety Regulations

  7. Ecological Impact • Incoming tides were filled with corpses • Clogged blowholes causing hemorrhages • Poisoning by oil • Migration route disturbed • Seabirds

  8. Funny Quotes • “I don't like to call it a disaster, because there has been no loss of human life. I am  amazed at the publicity for the loss of a few birds.” • "This is just Mother Earth letting the oil come out." • --Fred Hartley, President and CEO of Union OIl

  9. Clean Up Efforts • Joint Community work • 11.5 days to control leakage • Cement plug • Scooped up oil, dumped detergents on tar, and straw used to soak oil • Rocks steamed to be cleaned

  10. Consequences • Policy Revisions • New laws • Economic effects • Fishing Industry • Environmental effects • Fish Population • Birds

  11. Aftermath • Major impulse to the environmental movement • GOO (Get Oil Out) was born • Laws on offshore drilling • Short lived

  12. Exxon Valdez Oil Spill • Prince William Sound, Alaska • Collision with Bligh Reef • 260,000 to 750,000 barrels • 1500 miles of shoreline covered with oil • Remote Location

  13. How? • Irresponsible and stressed Crew • Drunk Captain • Broken radar, that the company knew about • Hit Bligh reef

  14. Damage • 100,000 to 250,000 sea birds, 2,800 otters, 12 river otters, 300 harbor seals, 247 bald eagles, and 22 orcas , • Killed tons of planktons • Reproduction rate decreased • Death rates increased

  15. Clean Up • Only 16 % of the shoreline was cleaned • Dispersants released • Physical removal of oil and tar • Bioremediation • Winter storms

  16. Change in ExxonMobil • Spent over $4.3 billion dollars • Modified tanker routes • Drug & alcohol testing • Extensive & more periodic assessment of vessels • Strengthened training programs

  17. Oil Pollution Act • Immediate response to Exxon Valdez Oil Spill • Sets precautions and regulations that will result in penalties when not followed • Creation of Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund

  18. Recovery

  19. Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YkzB1ZYcTwM

  20. Bibliography • http://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspx • http://www.epmag.com/WebOnly2009/item41202.php • http://www.bowdoin.edu/faculty/d/dpage/html/evos10yr.shtml • http://www.dailykos.com/story/2010/05/05/862173/-How-quickly-we-forget:-Santa-Barbara,-1969 • http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~jeff/sb_69oilspill/69oilspill_articles2.html • http://www2.bren.ucsb.edu/~dhardy/1969_Santa_Barbara_Oil_Spill/Photos/Pages/Reaction.html#5 • http://www2.bren.ucsb.edu/~dhardy/1969_Santa_Barbara_Oil_Spill/About.html

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