1. Riemann Sums Lesson 14.2

2. Riemann Sums are used to approximate the area between a curve and the x-axis over an interval. Riemann sums divide the areas into rectangles. By adding the areas of the rectangles, one gets an approximation for the area under the curve on the given interval.

3. Usually Riemann sums will use equally sized partitions of the interval to make calculations easier. By having bases of equal length, the base can be factored out when calculating the sum.

4. Here’s an example of how a Riemann Sum works: y=1/x

5. y=1/x

6. y=1/x

7. y=1/x

8. y=1/x

9. Height of each rectangle using the right endpoint. Base of each rectangle

10. Example 1 • Calculate Riemann Sums for the function f(x) = x3 on the interval from 1 to 5 using 4 subintervals and choosing zi to be the left endpoint, right endpoint, and midpoint.

11. Left endpoint… 1(1) + 1(8) + 1(27) + 1(64) 100

12. Right endpoint… 1(8) + 1(27) + 1(64) + 1(125) 224

13. Midpoint… 1(3.375) + 1(15.625) + 1(42.875) + 1(91.125) 153

14. What if the question was… • Calculate Riemann Sums for the function f(x) = x3 on the interval from 1 to 5 using 4, 40, 400, and 4000 subintervals and choosing zi to be right endpoint. • We are going to need a little help from our calculator 

15. The idea is to create a short (7 lines) program to compute the sum automatically (in a loop) after you provide a formula for Y1 and values for a, b, n, and v (the type of the sum: v = 0 for Left, v = 1 for Right, and v = 0.5 for Midpoint). Press Prgm New 1: Create New. • Name your program RIEM. (If you already have a program with that name, use a different name.)

16. Enter the following lines in the program, pressing ENTER after each line. (Press PRGM 4 to get "For"; press PRGM 7 to get "End".) • : 0 sto S • : (B - A) / N sto H • : For(K,1,N) • : A + (K-1+V) * H sto X • : S + Y1 sto S • : End • : H * S

17. Test your program to compute the Left Riemann Sum for the function f(x)=x2 on the interval [2, 4] with 10 subintervals: • press QUIT to exit Prgm mode; • define Y1=x2 in the Equation Editor; • assign the appropriate values to A (left end), B (right end), N (number of subintervals), and V (type of sum): 2 sto A 4 sto B 10 sto N 0 sto V • Correct answer: 17.48

18. Back to example…

19. Homework Pages 825 – 826 1 – 6, 11, 12