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ecbi. european capacity building initiative initiative européenne de renforcement des capacités. Adaptation Funding needs Post 2012 Saleemul Huq (IIED). for sustained capacity building in support of international climate change negotiations
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ecbi european capacity building initiative initiative européenne de renforcement des capacités Adaptation Funding needs Post 2012 Saleemul Huq (IIED) for sustained capacity building in support of international climate change negotiations pour un renforcement durable des capacités en appui aux négociations internationales sur les changements climatiques
Estimates of adaptation funding needs • World Bank: 10 to 40 B $/y. • Oxfam: 80 B $/y • UNFCCC: • 49 to 171 B $/y (globally) • 28 to 67 B $/y (Non Annex I only)
Additional Investment for Adap in 2030 • Ag, For and Fish: 14 (global) 7(NAI) • Water supply: 11 (global) 9 (NAI) • Human health : 5 (global) 5 (NAI) • Coastal zone: 11 (global) 5 (NAI) • Infrastructure: 8-130 (global) 2-41(NAI) • Total: 49-171 28-67
Existing amounts and sources available • LDCF: 160 M $ • SCCF: 70 M $ (for Adaptation) • SPA/GEF: 50 M $ • Bilaterals: 100 M $ • Total: 380 M $
Adaptation Fund (Kyoto Protocol) • Potential up to 2012: 80 to 300 M $/y • Potential beyond 2012: • 100 to 500/y M $ (low demand) • 1 to 5 B $/y (high demand)
Other possible sources • AL on other FMs: 10 to 50 M $/y (upto 2012) • Auction of aviation/marine: 20 to 30 B $/y (upto 2012) • Airline travel tax: 10 to 15 B $/y
Conclusions • Adaptation funding will amount to tens of Billions of Dollars a year • So far only a few hundred million Dollars is available from “voluntary” funding sources • Adaptation funding needs to be de-linked from “aid/charity” thinking and linked to “polluter-pays/obligations” paradigm
Conclusions-II • The “Adaptation Levy” can be the basis of such de-linking and can be used to be applied to other flexible mechanisms as well as to other emission activities as well. • The “Adaptation Fund” can be the vehicle for such an expanded levy-based adaptation funding mechansim • Adaptation (including funding) needs to be a “top-level” negotiating issue in the post 2012 dialogues/negotiations between Annex I and NAI