1. Mutations Monday November 5th

2. What you need to know • A change in the DNA, or the genetic code of a cell, is called a mutation. • Mutations can be classified as beneficial, neutral (cause no effect), or harmful. • Harmful mutations may cause cancer • A mutation in the genes that control the cell-division process in the cell cycle causes cell division to go out of control • Cancer cells divide very rapidly and uncontrollably. • Carcinogens are chemicals that cause cancer

3. Benign tumors are masses of cells that grow but stay in one place and usually do not interfere with the normal functioning of the surrounding tissue or organ. Warts are benign tumours. • Malignant tumors invade the surrounding tissues and interfere with the normal functions of the tissues and organs.

4. The spread of cancer cells away from their original location is called metastasis.

6. Mutated animal activity • Think of an animal you know • Add at least one beneficial, neutral and harmful mutation and explain how they affect the chances of survival for the animal • Draw a picture OR write a story about your mutated animal