1 / 13

DNA, mRNA, and Protein Synthesis

DNA, mRNA, and Protein Synthesis. TAKS Review for April 22 test. What is DNA?. DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid Functions: Store and transmit genetic info Contains the blueprint for making proteins. Location and Structure of DNA . Location: Nucleus Structure:

candid
Télécharger la présentation

DNA, mRNA, and Protein Synthesis

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. DNA, mRNA, and Protein Synthesis TAKS Review for April 22 test

  2. What is DNA? • DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid • Functions: • Store and transmit genetic info • Contains the blueprint for making proteins

  3. Location and Structure of DNA • Location: • Nucleus • Structure: • Double stranded, often called double helix • Composed of three part nucleotides: • Deoxyribose (sugar) • Phosphate (PO4) • Nitrogen base (1 of 4): • Adenine (A) • Thymine (T) • Cytosine (C) • Guanine (G)

  4. Base Pairing Rule

  5. DNA Replication • During cell reproduction an exact copy of the parent cell is made • DNA unzips to make two new strands of DNA • Location: Nucleus

  6. DNA Replication

  7. Making Proteins • DNA contains the instructions for building proteins • Proteins are made at the ribosomes • DNA cannot leave the nucleus • How does DNA’s information get to the ribosome?

  8. Messenger RNA (mRNA) • What is mRNA? • Ribonucleic acid: • Single stranded • Nucleotides composed of: • Ribose (sugar) • Phosphate • Nitrogen bases: • Adenine (A) • Guanine (G) • Cytosine (C) • Uracil (U)

  9. How does mRNA take DNA’s information to the ribosome? • Transcription: RNA is made from a strand of DNA • Location: • nucleus • mRNA leaves the nucleus and takes the information to the RIBOSOME where a protein will be made

  10. Transcription

  11. What happens to mRNA at the ribosome? • mRNA will bind to the ribosome • tRNA will read mRNA in three part sections (codon) • tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome • Amino acids will bond to form a protein

  12. Translation

  13. Genetic Code-language of mRNA • Remember: mRNA is read in 3 part sequences called a codon (64 total) • Every 3 part sequence codes for an amino acid • Proteins are determined by the order in which amino acids are joined together • There are 20 different amino acids which can combine to form many different proteins

More Related