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The History of the Bibles

The History of the Bibles. “ The Law of Moses, the Prophets and the Psalms ” Lk 24:44. A bible is a selection of books. BC. 1st Century AD . Old testament. New testament. Genesis. Nehemiah. Hosea. Baruch. 4 Baruch. Acts Solom . Matthew. L Timothy 2. Revelation P.

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The History of the Bibles

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  1. The History of the Bibles “The Law of Moses, the Prophets and the Psalms” Lk24:44

  2. A bible is a selection of books BC 1st Century AD Old testament New testament Genesis Nehemiah Hosea Baruch 4 Baruch Acts Solom. Matthew L Timothy 2 Revelation P Clement Alex. L Titus Diatessaron Esther Joel Ltr Jeremy 4 Maccabees Annals David Mark Exodus L Barnabas Luke Tobit 2 Esdras LtrAristeas Leviticus Didache Job Amos L Philemon L Diognetus John L Clement 2 Psalms 150 Obadiah Judith Enoch M&A Isaiah Numbers L Hebrews Dionysius Acts Apostles Dura-Europos Jonah Deuterony Proverbs 1-2Maccabees Jubilees Joseph & Asenath Acts Andrew L James G Ebionites L Romans Apollinaris L Peter 2 Meqabayan Adam&Eve Joshua Micah Wisdom Solomon Ecclesiastes G Egyptians L Corinthians 3 Ap0llonius L John 3 Judges Nahum Song of Sol Sirach Jasher Lives Prophets L Galatians Apol. Aristides L Jude Epiphanes Ladder Jacob Ruth Isaiah Susannah, Bel&dragon Nathan Habakkuk EpistulaApostolorum L Ephesians Aristo of Pella Revelation J 1 Esdras Iddo Zephaniah Jannes& Jambres Samuel 2 Jeremiah L Philippians Galen H. Rechabites Gospel Hebrews Lamentatn 3 Maccabees Shemaiah Kings 2 Haggai Athenagoras 2 L Colossians Hegesippus Zechariah Basilides Acts Paul Ezekiel Prayer Manasseh Gad Eldad & Modad Chronicles L Thessalon 2 Caius Heracleon Shepherd Hermas Ezra Daniel Psalms Sol Wars of Lord etc Malachi Books selected by Protestant Church and many more writings…

  3. Outline βιβλιαbiblia A. Different Churches’ Bibles B. Some Definitions C. Writings which Jesus used D. The Nature of Religious Writings E. Is All Scripture Inspired by God? Implications Conclusions Development of the bibles (history) THE CTS NEW CATHOLIC BIBLE COMPACT EDITION HEBREW BIBLE Holy Bible The Book of Mormon Gospels Law Psalms Prophets ANOTHER TESTAMENT OF JESUS CHRIST

  4. A. Different Churches’ Bibles THE CTS NEW CATHOLIC BIBLE COMPACT EDITION HEBREW BIBLE Holy Bible The Book of Mormon ANOTHER TESTAMENT OF JESUS CHRIST

  5. Different Churches’ Bibles Samaritan scriptures 5 books Hebrew bible 39 books Protestant bible 66 books Catholic bible 73 books Greek Orthodox bible 78 books Ethiopian Orthodox 84 books Mormon scripturesregards Book of Mormon (15 books) as scripture and the Word of God, besides Protestants’ 66 books THE CTS NEW CATHOLIC BIBLE COMPACT EDITION HEBREW BIBLE Holy Bible The Book of Mormon ANOTHER TESTAMENT OF JESUS CHRIST Uses a uniform counting system for comparison purposes, so may differ from counts given by other sources

  6. The Bibles are Different Hebrew Bible (Orthodox Judaism) >3,000 years tradition >2M practicing Jews Hebrew bible <100 ADRejects New Testament. Catholic Bible >1,600 years old1.8 billion members Cath. bible 364 AD Includes Judith, 1-2 Maccabees, Sirach, Tobit and Baruch Ethiopian Orthodox ~1,500 years old 40 million members Eth. Orth. bible ?date OT: +Jubilee, Enoch, Meqabayan I-III… NT: +Sinodos x4, Ethiopic Clement, Ethiopic Didascalia…

  7. Islamic Scriptures 1300 years old 1.6 Billion membersScriptures 600s AD Tawrat (Law of Moses) Zabur (Psalms of David) Injil (Gospel of Jesus) Qur’an (Muhammad) Protestant Bible 500 years old 600 million members Protestant bible 1647 OT 39 booksNT 27 books Mormon Scriptures 180 years old 14 million members Book of Mormon 1831 Prot 66 + Nephi, Jacob, Enos, Jarom, Omni, Mormon, Ether, Moroni… The Bibles are Different

  8. Issues: Why are the churches’ bibles different? Does a church’s age, size or power necessarily makes its bible the right one? Which one is right, and how can we be sure? What writings did Jesus use?

  9. B. Some Definitions biblia graphē testamentum

  10. biblia30 AD “bible” 2013 Meanings of biblia and “bible” Greek biblia = scrolls or books (any type, even a certificate of divorce Mt 19:7. See G1046-7). A compilation of religious writings selected by a church for use by their followers, andconsidered inspired by God. “Bible” or biblia does not mean one particular set of books

  11. graphē30 AD “Scripture” 2013 Meanings of graphē and “Scripture” graphēG1210 = “writings”(in general). From graphō, “I write” G1211 “Scripture” refers to the writings which a church considers authoritative “Writings” or graphē means writings in general, not one defined set of writings. “Scripture” is a misleading translation.

  12. (Optional) Background on graphē Why graphē refers to all types of writing(and not just holy scripture or Old Testament): It is the noun form of the verb graphō, “I write”; graphē = “writing”. Secular letters were graphō‘d eg Mt 27:37 Acts 25:26 It is used of religious writings not found in OT, eg Jn 7:38, 2 Pet 3:16 In Septuagint, it is used of writing on wall Dan 5:6, Darius’ decree Dan 6:9, family records not found Ezra 2:62, a letter sent to Artexerxes Ezra 4:7. In secular Greek, used of price-list and indictment (Bauer’s lexicon).

  13. testamentum30 AD “testament” 160-2012 Meanings of testamentum and “testament” Latin testamentum = a legally sworn statement of a person’s wishes Not in bible at all. Testament = a major division within any church’s bible, eg ‘Old Testament’ and ‘New Testament’ “Testament” does not mean one particular set of writings

  14. “Bible” “Scripture” “Testament” All are general words; none define one particular set of books. All the churches use them to refer to their choice of books & writings. Greekbiblia = scrolls or books Greek graphē= writings Latin testamentum = sworn statement Not in bible.

  15. C. Writings Jesus Used

  16. Genesis Nehemiah Hosea Baruch 4 Baruch Acts Solom. Many writings but no “bible” in Jesus’ day Esther Joel Ltr Jeremy 4 Maccabees Annals David Exodus Tobit 2 Esdras LtrAristeas Leviticus Job Amos Psalms 150 Obadiah Judith Enoch M&A Isaiah Numbers Jonah Deuterony Proverbs 1-2Maccabees Jubilees Joseph & Asenath Meqabayan Adam&Eve Joshua Micah Wisdom Solomon Ecclesiastes Judges Nahum Song of Sol Sirach Jasher Lives Prophets Ladder Jacob Ruth Isaiah Susannah, Bel&dragon Nathan Habakkuk 1 Esdras Iddo Zephaniah Jannes& Jambres Samuel 2 Jeremiah H. Rechabites Lamentatn 3 Maccabees Shemaiah Kings 2 Haggai 2 Zechariah Ezekiel Prayer Manasseh Gad Eldad & Modad Chronicles Ezra Daniel Psalms Sol Wars of Lord etc Malachi

  17. Collections of Books Jesus referred to “Everything written about me in the Law of Moses, Psalmsand Prophets must be fulfilled” Luke 24:44 Law Psalms Prophets

  18. Books which Jesus quoted from ✓ ✓Genesis ✓Isaiah ✓ Jonah ✓Jeremiah ✓Micah ✓Exodus ✓Psalm 8 Lamentns Nahum ✓Leviticus Law Psalms Prophets Ezekiel Habakkuk ✓Psalm 22 Numbers ✓Psalm 62 ✓Psalm 69 ✓Daniel Zephaniah ✓Deuteronomy ✓Psalm 31 ✓Psalm 82 ✓Hosea Haggai ✓Psalm 91 ✓Psalm 110 ✓Psalm 35 Joel ✓Zechariah ✓Psalm 118 Amos ✓Malachi All by David except Ps 82 (by Asaph) ✓Psalm 41 Obadiah

  19. The Law (of Moses) Genesis The Law ✓Genesis Exodus Attr. Moses ~ 1400 BC By 600 BC ✓Exodus Leviticus ✓Leviticus Numbers Numbers ✓Deuteronomy Deuteronomy Aka Torah, Pentateuch, Law of Moses

  20. By 3rdcentury BC ? The Psalms Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm The Psalms David (72 psalms), Asaph and others 1000 BC – ?600BC Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Genesis Genesis Genesis Genesis 150 Psalms Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm Psalm (Psalms 151-155 probably came later)

  21. By 2ndcentury BC ? The Prophets Isaiah Jonah The Prophets ?? Jeremiah Micah ✓Isaiah ✓ Jonah ? Lamentns Nahum ✓Jeremiah ✓Micah 9th – 4th centuries BC Ezekiel Habakkuk Laments ? Nahum Ezekiel Habakkuk Daniel Zephaniah ✓Daniel Zephaniah Hosea Haggai ✓Hosea Haggai Joel Zechariah Joel ✓Zechariah Amos ✓Malachi Amos Malachi Obadiah Obadiah

  22. Matthew Mark Luke John Gospels Writings supported by Jesus: Psalms The Prophets The Law ✓Psalm 8 ✓Genesis ✓Isaiah ✓ Jonah ? ✓Psalm 22 ✓Jeremiah ✓Micah ✓Exodus Laments ?? Nahum ✓Psalm 31 Ezekiel Habakkuk ✓Leviticus ✓Daniel Zephaniah ✓Psalm 62 ✓Psalm 69 ✓Hosea Haggai ✓Psalm 35 Numbers ✓Psalm 82 Joel ✓Zechariah ✓Psalm 91 ✓Deuteronomy Amos ✓Malachi ✓Psalm 110 ✓Psalm 41 Obadiah ✓Psalm 118

  23. D. The Nature of Religious Writings

  24. Genesis Nehemiah Hosea Baruch 4 Baruch Acts Solom. Old Hebrew Writings BC – many! Esther Joel Ltr Jeremy 4 Maccabees Annals David Exodus Tobit 2 Esdras LtrAristeas Leviticus Job Amos Psalms 150 Obadiah Judith Enoch M&A Isaiah Numbers Jonah Deuterony Proverbs 1-2Maccabees Jubilees Joseph & Asenath Meqabayan Adam&Eve Joshua Micah Wisdom Solomon Ecclesiastes Judges Nahum Song of Sol Sirach Jasher Lives Prophets Ladder Jacob Ruth Isaiah Susannah, Bel&dragon Nathan Habakkuk 1 Esdras Iddo Zephaniah Jannes& Jambres Samuel 2 Jeremiah H. Rechabites Lamentatn 3 Maccabees Shemaiah Kings 2 Haggai 2 Zechariah Ezekiel Prayer Manasseh Gad Eldad & Modad Chronicles Ezra Daniel Psalms Sol Wars of Lord etc Malachi

  25. The Nature of Religious Writings Let there be light Records of what God has said:Prophecy Covenant Divine command …and done: Miracles in history Records of what men have said: Teaching Prayers Exhortation Conversations …and done: History The land we passed through is exceedingly good

  26. How to distinguish God’s words from men’s words: According to the writer, who is speaking? — God A voice from heaven said, “This is my son, who I love; I am well pleased with him” Mt 3:17 “Then the LORD said to Moses, “Write down these words, for in accordance with these words I have made a covenant with you and with Israel”” Ex 34:27 “This was the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the LORD. When I saw it, I fell facedown, and I heard the voice of one speaking. He said to me, ‘Son of man, stand up on your feet and I will speak to you.’ ” Ezekiel 1:28-2:1

  27. According to the writer, who is speaking? — Men Curse God and die! “His [Job’s] wife said to him, “…Curse God and die!” Job 2:9 “The words of the Teacher, son of David, king in Jerusalem: “Meaningless! Meaningless!” says the Teacher.” Ecclesiastes 1:1-2 “Now about virgins: I have no command from the Lord, but I [Paul] give a judgment as one who by the Lord’s mercy is trustworthy. Because of the present crisis, I think that it is good for you to remain as you are.” 1 Cor 7:25 A psalm of David. “O Lord, Hear my prayer…The enemy pursues me, he crushes me to the ground….” Psalm 143:1-4

  28. How to distinguish God’s actions from men’s actions: According to the writer, who did the action? — God “All that night the LORDdrove the sea back with a strong east wind and turned it into dry land” Ex 14:21 “During the night an angel of the Lordopened the doors of the jail and brought them out” Acts 5:19

  29. According to the writer, who did the action? — Men “Manasseh also shed so much innocent blood that he filled Jerusalem from end to end—besides the sin that he had caused Judah to commit, so that they did evil in the eyes of the Lord” 2Kings 21:16 “They [the Israelites] sacrificed their sons and daughters in the fire. They practiced divination and sorcery and sold themselves to do evil” 2Kings 17:17

  30. What types of books are in the Protestant bible? Genesis Nehemiah Hosea Matthew L Timothy 2 L Titus Esther Joel Exodus Mark Leviticus Luke Job Amos L Philemon Psalms 150 Obadiah Numbers John L Hebrews Jonah Deuterony Acts Apostles Proverbs L James Joshua L Romans Micah Ecclesiastes L Peter 2 Judges L Corinthians 2 Nahum Song of Sol L John 3 Ruth L Galatians Isaiah L Jude Habakkuk Zephaniah Samuel 2 Jeremiah L Ephesians Revelation J Lamentatn Kings 2 L Philippians Haggai Zechariah Ezekiel Chronicles L Colossians Ezra Daniel L Thessalon 2 Malachi

  31. What types of books are in the Protestant bible? Let there be light Human words & actions God’s words The land we passed through is exceedingly good Prophecy History Teaching Covenant (Explain 4 types)

  32. Prophecy History Teaching Covenant Genesis Nehemiah Hosea Matthew L Timothy 2 Let there be light L Titus Esther Joel Exodus Mark Leviticus Luke Job Amos L Philemon Psalms 150 Obadiah Numbers John L Hebrews Jonah Deuterony Acts Apostles Proverbs L James Joshua L Romans Micah Ecclesiastes L Peter 2 Judges L Corinthians 3 Nahum Song of Sol L John 3 Ruth L Galatians Isaiah L Jude Habakkuk The land we passed through is exceedingly good Zephaniah Samuel 2 Jeremiah L Ephesians Revelation J Lamentatn Kings 2 L Philippians Haggai Zechariah Ezekiel Chronicles L Colossians Ezra Daniel L Thessalon 2 Malachi

  33. Prophecy History Teaching Covenant Covenant Law (Israel) New Covenant Genesis Nehemiah Hosea Matthew L Timothy 2 ✓ ✓ Let there be light L Titus Esther Joel Exodus Mark ✓ ✓ Leviticus Luke Job Amos ✓ L Philemon ✓ Psalms 150 Obadiah Numbers John L Hebrews ✓ Jonah Deuterony Acts Apostles Proverbs L James ✓ Joshua L Romans Micah Ecclesiastes L Peter 2 Judges L Corinthians 3 Nahum Song of Sol L John 3 Ruth L Galatians Isaiah L Jude Habakkuk The land we passed through is exceedingly good Zephaniah Samuel 2 Jeremiah L Ephesians Revelation J Lamentatn Kings 2 L Philippians Haggai ✓ Quotedby Jesus Zechariah Ezekiel Chronicles L Colossians Ezra Daniel L Thessalon 2 Malachi

  34. Prophecy Prophecy History Teaching Covenant Genesis Nehemiah Hosea Matthew L Timothy 2 ✓ Let there be light L Titus Esther Joel Exodus Mark Leviticus Luke Job Amos L Philemon Psalms 150 Obadiah Numbers John L Hebrews ✓ Jonah Deuterony Acts Apostles Proverbs L James Joshua L Romans Micah Ecclesiastes L Peter 2 ✓ Judges L Corinthians 3 Nahum Song of Sol L John 3 The Prophets Revelation Ruth L Galatians Isaiah L Jude Habakkuk The land we passed through is exceedingly good ✓ Zephaniah Samuel 2 Jeremiah L Ephesians Revelation J ✓ Kings 2 L Philippians Haggai Lamentatn ✓ Quotedby Jesus Zechariah Ezekiel Chronicles L Colossians ✓ Ezra Daniel L Thessalon 2 Malachi ✓ ✓

  35. Prophecy History Teaching Covenant Genesis Nehemiah Hosea Matthew L Timothy 2 Let there be light L Titus Esther Joel Exodus Mark Leviticus Luke Job Amos L Philemon History of Apostles Psalms 150 Obadiah Numbers John L Hebrews History of Israel Jonah Deuterony Acts Apostles Proverbs L James Joshua L Romans Micah Ecclesiastes L Peter 2 Judges L Corinthians 3 Nahum Song of Sol L John 3 Ruth L Galatians Isaiah L Jude Habakkuk The land we passed through is exceedingly good Zephaniah Samuel 2 Jeremiah L Ephesians Revelation J Kings 2 L Philippians Haggai Lamentatn None quotedby Jesus Zechariah Ezekiel Chronicles L Colossians Ezra Daniel L Thessalon 2 Malachi

  36. Prophecy History Teaching Teaching Covenant Genesis Nehemiah Hosea Matthew L Timothy 2 Let there be light L Titus Esther Joel Exodus Mark “Wisdom” (12 by Paul) Leviticus Luke Job Amos L Philemon Psalms 150 Obadiah Numbers John L Hebrews Jonah Deuterony Acts Apostles Proverbs L James Letters Joshua L Romans Micah Ecclesiastes L Peter 2 Judges L Corinthians 3 Nahum Song of Sol L John 3 Ruth L Galatians Isaiah L Jude Habakkuk The land we passed through is exceedingly good Zephaniah Samuel 2 Jeremiah L Ephesians Revelation J Lamentatn Kings 2 L Philippians Haggai None quotedby Jesus Zechariah Ezekiel Chronicles L Colossians Ezra Daniel L Thessalon 2 Malachi

  37. Prophecy History Teaching Covenant Genesis Nehemiah Hosea Matthew L Timothy 2 Let there be light L Titus Esther Joel Exodus Mark Prophecy, Songs of praise, &Prayers Leviticus Luke Job Amos L Philemon Psalms 150 Obadiah Numbers John L Hebrews ✓ Jonah Deuterony Acts Apostles Proverbs L James Joshua L Romans Micah Ecclesiastes L Peter 2 Song of romance Judges L Corinthians 3 Nahum Song of Sol L John 3 Ruth L Galatians Isaiah L Jude Habakkuk The land we passed through is exceedingly good Zephaniah Samuel 2 Jeremiah L Ephesians Revelation J History, Prayer, Prophecy Kings 2 L Philippians Haggai Lamentatn ✓ Some psalms quotedby Jesus Zechariah Ezekiel Chronicles L Colossians Ezra Daniel L Thessalon 2 Malachi

  38. Prophecy History Teaching Covenant Genesis Nehemiah Hosea Matthew L Timothy 2 Let there be light L Titus Esther Joel Exodus Mark Leviticus Luke Job Amos L Philemon Psalms 150 Obadiah Numbers John L Hebrews Jonah Deuterony Acts Apostles Proverbs L James Joshua L Romans Micah Ecclesiastes L Peter 2 Judges L Corinthians 3 Nahum Song of Sol L John 3 Ruth L Galatians Isaiah L Jude Habakkuk The land we passed through is exceedingly good Zephaniah Samuel 2 Jeremiah L Ephesians Revelation J Kings 2 L Philippians Haggai Lamentatn Zechariah Ezekiel Chronicles L Colossians Ezra Daniel L Thessalon 2 Malachi

  39. Prophecy History Teaching Covenant LAW PROPHETS GOSPELS PSALMS Genesis Nehemiah Hosea Matthew L Timothy 2 ✓ ✓ ✓ Let there be light L Titus Esther Joel Exodus Mark ✓ ✓ Leviticus Luke Job Amos L Philemon ✓ ✓ ✓ Psalms 150 Obadiah Numbers John L Hebrews ✓ Jonah Deuterony Acts Apostles Proverbs L James ✓ Joshua L Romans Micah Ecclesiastes L Peter 2 ✓ Judges L Corinthians 3 Nahum Song of Sol L John 3 ✓ Ruth L Galatians Isaiah L Jude Habakkuk The land we passed through is exceedingly good ✓ Zephaniah Samuel 2 Jeremiah L Ephesians Revelation J Lamentatn Kings 2 L Philippians Haggai Lamentatn ✓ Books supported by Jesus Zechariah Ezekiel Chronicles L Colossians ✓ ✓ Ezra Daniel L Thessalon 2 Malachi ✓

  40. How accurate are the writings? (especially the four gospels)

  41. What Jesus originally said 30 AD The gospels contain human records of divine events RECOLLECTION What the writer recalled 50s AD COPYING What the scribes copied 100-1900 AD TRANSLATION How the translators rendered it 2000 AD

  42. Errors of recollection: • Mark records crucifixion at 3rd hour Mk 15:25; John after ~6th hour Jn 19:14 • Matthew records “before the rooster crows” Mt 26:34,75; Mark has “before the rooster crows twice” Mk 14:30,72 • Errors of copying: • Most early manuscripts have “Asaph” (a psalmist) in Jesus’ genealogy Mt 1:7-8but it was in fact King Asa(see 1 Ki 15:8, 15:24, 22:41, 2 Chr 14:1 30:21-22) • Errors of translation: • “That generation” Mt 24:34 is translated as “this generation”, losing the sense of the whole chapter • “Be complete” (ie do both) Mt 5:48 is translated as “be perfect”, making it an impossible teaching Examples of errors in Gospels (fortunately few)

  43. Why I Trust the Gospel Records They work.If I follow them, I get supernatural results as promised. They’re the best record we have of Jesus’ words. IfGod wants us to know what Jesus said, he has to make an adequate record available to us somewhere. We have four historical “witnesses”, which gives greater confidence.

  44. Why I Trust the Gospel Records (cont’d) They make sense. Consistency is high, for both facts and logic; both internally, and externally with Law Psalms and Prophets. The Holy Spirit provides insight and understanding into Jesus’ teachings (Jn 14:26), compensating for deficiencies in the written records. They are good records – but not perfect.

  45. Gospels are more like a treasure map than an ordnance survey map x Here be gold buried

  46. E. Is All Scripture Inspired by God?

  47. The Inspiration of Scripture: The doctrine that “All Scripture is Inspired by God” ? • A very Protestant doctrine • Considers allof the material in their bible to be inspired by God and thus effectively God’s words • Jesus never said that all of a book, or any set of books, were God’s words. (Said it only of specific statements, eg Mt 22:43-44). • Usually based on 2 Tim 3:16 and 2 Pet 1:20-21

  48. The Inspiration of Scripture: Based on2 Tim 3:16 • Paul wrote to Timothy (in the ~60s AD): • “From infancy you have known the temple documents, which can make you wise for salvation through faith in Jesus Christ. All these writings are inspired by God and useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness…”2 Tim 3:15-16 • Often translated as “All scripture is inspired by God…” (NASB) └ ┘

  49. The Inspiration of Scripture: 2 Tim 3:16 in the Greek

  50. The Inspiration of Scripture: Meaning of 2 Tim 3:16 • “From infancy you have known the temple documents, which can make you wise for salvation through faith in Jesus Christ. All thesewritingsare inspired by God and useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness…” 2 Tim 3:15-16 • “All writings” refers to the temple documents Timothy had known since infancy, not to all writings in existence or any church bible. └ ┘ 0 AD 30 AD 60 AD 312 AD 364 AD

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