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Unit VII: The Cold War & Cuba

Unit VII: The Cold War & Cuba. Heirs to Traditional Power Politics: Fear & Misinterpretation : West’s role in 1919 & the 30s Failure to open a second front, halting Lend-Lease, & refusing a 6 billion dollar loan Stalin was bitter at Potsdam Security was the issue!

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Unit VII: The Cold War & Cuba

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  1. Unit VII:The Cold War & Cuba

  2. Heirs to Traditional Power Politics: Fear & Misinterpretation: West’s role in 1919 & the 30s Failure to open a second front, halting Lend-Lease, & refusing a 6 billion dollar loan Stalin was bitter at Potsdam Securitywas the issue! Ideological differences: economic imperialism vs. international socialism Origins

  3. 1946: Iron Curtain Speech Kennan’s Long Telegram 1947: communist revolutions threaten Turkey & Greece Truman Doctrine 1948: Marshal Plan West Germany founded Berlin Blockade & Airlift 1949: NATO created Soviets counter w/ Warsaw Pact Soviet A-bomb & Red China arms race & the Red Scare Berliners cheer US planes Early Stages

  4. 1945-53: spectacular recovery Five Year Plans again purges & gulags falling out w/ Tito’s Yugoslavia 1953: Stalin died; destalinization 1953-63: Nikita Khrushchev Secret Speech (1956) inspired Hungarian Uprising attempted economic reforms removed after Cuban Missile Crisis Post-war USSR

  5. The Korean War 1950-53: • Korea divided post-WWII • the North invaded in order to unite the peninsula • Chinese enter when US forces approached the Chinese border • a stalemate by 1951 • limited war;containment

  6. Hungarian Uprising 1956: Hungarian Uprising • began as a student revolt; fired upon by troops • Hungarian communist gov’t collapsed • Imry Nagy promised free elections & withdrawal from Warsaw Pact • Soviets invade & crush the movement; Nagyexecuted Hungarian Uprising

  7. Berlin Wall 1961: Berlin Wall built • over 100 miles of wall • wall sickness • greatest symbol of the Cold war

  8. Cuban Missile Crisis 1962: Cuban Missile Crisis • reaction to the Bay of Pigs • threatened “mutually assured destruction” • missiles removed from Cuba (and Turkey), a hotline established & Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

  9. Prague Spring 1968: Prague Spring • Alexander Dubcek introduced freedom of speech, press and travel • “Communism with a human face” • reformers wanted more and withdrawal from Soviet bloc • Soviets invade & crush movement Prague 1968

  10. 1959-75: Vietnam War French colony, Japanese occupation & French colony again US supported the Diem regime in South Vietnam Strong nationalistic regime in the north led by Ho Chi Minh limited war guerilla war; no front line Fall of Saigon - 1975 Vietnam War

  11. Monolithic Communism?

  12. Korea vs. Vietnam • frontline • UN resolution • S. Korea wanted US help • civilians not directly attacked • guerilla war • unilateral campaign • S. Vietnam wanted US out • civilians indistinguishable from the enemy; atrocities

  13. Decolonization: Christian Democrats: combined capitalism, socialism & Christianity West Germany: Adenauer’s “economic miracle” France: De Gaulle & the Fifth Republic Algerian Independence 1968 – student protests Great Britain: the national welfare state Margaret Thatcher (1980s) Student protestors in Paris The Post-war West

  14. Education: The Women’s Movement: De Beauvoir’s The Second Sex Friedan’s N.O.W. Catholic Church: reaction to Pius XII’s conservatism; Vatican II (1962) Permissive Society: homosexuality, pornography, divorce & abortion became legal Simone de Beauviour Culture & Society

  15. Existentialism: Camus & Sartre “Man is nothing else but what he makes of himself.” Art: Pollack’s abstract expressionism & Warhol’s pop-art Technology: jet travel, television & nuclear energy Pollack’s Lavender Mist Culture & Society

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