Global History & Geography Vocabulary List #3

Global History & GeographyVocabulary List #3

An immediate result of the Protestant Reformation was the • Restoration of political unity to western Europe • Increase in the influence of the Roman Catholic Church • Breaking of the religious unity of Europe • Strengthening of the political power of the Pope

Schism • Permanent split

“Europe is waking out of a long, deep sleep… Time was when learning was only found in the religious orders… learning has passed to secular princes and peers.”This quotation best describes the • Renaissance • Decline of the Roman Empire • Crusades • Rise of Christianity

Secular • Having to do with worldly rather than religious matters

Which statement about medieval life is an opinion? • Power was held by the nobles and the Church • The manor was a self-sufficient institution • The ideals of knighthood were translated into codes of conduct • Serfs were less happy than nobles

Serf • In medieval Europe, peasant bound to the lord’s land

The success of the women’s suffrage movement in 20th-century Europe resulted in part from women • Holding high political offices • Working in factories during World War I • Being encouraged to have large families • Serving in combat positions during World War I

Suffrage • The right to vote

Which of the following advancements in technology revolutionized the way ideas were spread throughout western Europe in the 15th century • Creation of the telescope • Development of the astrolabe • Introduction of the telegraph • Improvements in the printing press

Technology • Tools and skills people use to meet their basic needs

Both Inca farmers and Japanese farmers adapted a geographic feature of their countries by • Building terraces into the mountainsides • Engaging in overseas expansion • Growing crops suited to desert climates • Reclaiming land from the sea by building dikes

Terrace • A flat area of land on a steep hillside

Mohandas Gandhi is most closely associated with the • Support of violence and terrorism to end British rule • Desire to strengthen the caste system • Use of civil disobedience to gain political freedom • Establishment of a national religion in India

Terrorism • The deliberate use of unpredictable violence, especially against civilians to gain revenge or achieve political goals

Jewish religious and cultural identity has been greatly influenced by • Ramadan and the concept of reincarnation • The New Testament and the Four Noble Truths • The Koran and the code of bushido • The Torah and the Diaspora

Torah • The most sacred scriptures of Judaism

Which statement was true of the caste system in traditional India? • Members of different castes often intermarried • Caste membership determined a person’s occupation • The highest caste was composed of untouchables • The caste had little effect on daily village life

Untouchables • Within the ancient caste system, outcasts who lived harsh lives

The breakdown of traditions, increased levels of pollution, and the expansion of slums are negative aspects of • Pogroms • Urbanization • Collectivization • Militarism

Urbanization • The rise of and movement of people to cities

One way in which Peter the Great and Ataturk (Mustafa Kemal) are similar is that they sought to • Return to traditional values • Limit the role of women in society • Gain a warm-water port • Adopt western-style reforms

Westernization • The process of adopting western ways (Western European / North American)

The movement started by journalist Theodor Herzl to promote an independent Jewish state in Palestine is referred to as • The Reconquista • Utopianism • Zionism • The Diaspora

Zionism • Movement dedicated to building a Jewish state in Palestine

The main goal of the monarchs of Europe during the Age of Absolutism was to • Centralize political power • Establish legislative bodies • Improve the quality of life for the peasant class • Expand the role of the Catholic Church

Absolutism • Political system in which autocratic rulers have complete authority over the government and the lives of the people in their nation

Some developing countries rely on a single cash crop such as cotton or sugar cane. The origin of this practice can often be traced to the • Introduction of communism • Establishment of democratic governments • Colonization of the region • Movements to gain independence

Agribusiness • Large commercial farm owned by a multinational corporation

The policy of strict racial separation and discrimination that was implemented in the Republic of South Africa is called • Collectivization • Intifada • Communism • Apartheid

Apartheid • South African government policy calling for the separation of the races

Which one of the following changes to Christian church practice was suggested by Martin Luther? • Printing the Bible in the vernacular so all could read it • Increasing the sale of indulgences • Installing statues of saints in churches • Saying the mass in Latin so the faithful would learn it

Bible • The sacred scriptures of Christianity

Foreign rulers were overthrownAdmiral Zheng He established trade linksCivil service exams were reinstatedThese events in history occurred during the rule of the • Mughal dynasty in India • Abbasid dynasty in the Middle East • Tokugawa shogunate in Japan • Ming dynasty in China

Bureaucracy • System of managing government through departments run by appointed officials

What practice in medieval Europe was most similar to a Japanese warrior’s code of bushido? • Indulgences • Serfdom • Chivalry • Tribute

Bushido • Code of conduct for samurai during the feudal period in Japan

Karl Marx predicted that laissez-faire capitalism would result in • A return to manorialism • A revolution led by the proletariat • Fewer government regulations • An equal distribution of wealth and income

Capitalism • Economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit

Under communism in the former Soviet Union, people were required to • Reject modern technology • Limit the size of their families • Honor their ancestors and religious traditions • Put the interests of the state before individual gain

Communism • Economic system in which the means of production are owned by the government for the benefit of all the people

Global History & Geography Vocabulary List #3