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Labor Unions

Labor Unions . Mr. Black American History. Warm-Up . What is the importance of a labor union and why were they started ? Video Clip #1 Video Clip #2. What is a Labor Union?.

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Labor Unions

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  1. Labor Unions Mr. Black American History

  2. Warm-Up • What is the importance of a labor union and why were they started? • Video Clip #1 • Video Clip #2

  3. What is a Labor Union? • A labor union is a group of workers that work together to protect themselves, as well as other employees against their workplace.

  4. The Beginning of Change in the Workplace • Knights of Labor (created in 1869) • Trade union created by garment cutters in Philadelphia. • Included: women, African Americans, immigrants and unskilled laborers. • Secret meetings • Special hand shakes to identify each other. • National labor organization in the 1880’s • Leader: Terence V. Powderly • 700,000 members by 1886. • Lost members and power in the 1890’s

  5. Even More Change! • American Federation of Labor (AFL) - created in 1881. • Represented workers from various crafts. • Leader: Samuel Gompers • Organization wanted: • Higher wages • Shorter hours • Better working conditions • Rights to bargain collectively • 1904: more than 1.6 million members.

  6. The Spark that Caused Change • Triangle Shirtwaist Company • Fire – 1911 • Nearly150 workers died: • Mostly young immigrant workers. • Harsh working conditions/long hours. • Women locked in workrooms and forced to work without breaks. • Fire caused uproar and push for a safer working environment. • This effort was led by the International Ladies’ Garment Workers Union (ILGWU).

  7. Union for Women • International Ladies’ Garment Workers Union (ILGWU) – Created 1900 • Leader: Benjamin Schlesinger • Union for women. • After the incident at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company, the ILGWU fought for safer working conditions and environments.

  8. Reactions to Labor Unions • Business owners forced workers to take pay cuts or lose their jobs. • Violence – police and union workers killed (Haymarket Riot). • Closing of factories • Hiring of non-union employees. • Injunctions (court order) to force union workers to stop strikes/protests. • Many union workers were sent to prison.

  9. Evidence of Violence • Union Busting Video Clip

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