Eugene Delacroix- “Liberty Leads the Masses” French Revolutuion

1. Eugene Delacroix- “Liberty Leads the Masses” French Revolutuion

2. Manifest Destiny US History Map of United States Circa 1830

3. What is Manifest Destiny? American Progress Color Lithograph by George A. Crofutt and John Gast

4. What is “Manifest Destiny” • Belief that the US should expand its territory from coast to coast

5. A US Territorial Expansion When? A - 13 Original Colonies • 1776 From Where? • Great Britain Why? • US declared independence from Great Britain

6. US Territorial Expansion When? B - Western Lands • 1783 From Where? • Great Britain Why? • Part of results of Treaty of Paris (ended Revolutionary War) A B

7. US Territorial Expansion When? C - LouisianaPurchase • 1803 From Where? • France Why? • Napoleon needed $ • Jefferson wanted to buy New Orleans • He got all of this instead! A C B

8. US Territorial Expansion When? D - Florida • 1819 From Where? • Spain Why? • Andrew Jackson invaded • Spain then sold it to us for $5 million A C B D

9. Thinking Question • (don’t write this down!! Just think!) • Why weren’t Americans happy with the size of their country at this point in their history?

10. Mr. Manifest Destiny • James K. Polk • Elected President in 1844 • Added more territory to the US (by any means) than any other President • Died 103 days after his single term ended

11. Objective: To examine Manifest Destiny and the start of the Mexican War. Do Now: Use the maps provided to write when, and in what way, the following areas became parts of the United States. • New York • Idaho • Indiana • Nevada • Texas • Nebraska • Florida • 1776, original 13 states • 1846, agreement with Britain • 1783, terms of the Treaty of Paris • 1848, Mexican Cession (Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo) • 1845, Annexed by Congress - 1803, Louisiana Purchase (Purchased from France) - 1819, Ceded by Spain

12. Manifest Destiny - belief that the U.S. had the right to all the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

13. Election of 1844 • Presidential candidate James Polk believed strongly in Manifest Destiny, and he favored annexing Oregon and Texas. • Polk’s Presidential slogans were: “Fifty-Four Forty or Fight” and President James K. Polk “All of Oregon or None”

14. • After winning the election, the U.S. and Great Britain compromised by dividing Oregon at latitude 49 degrees north. This is why we now call the Canada-US Border the 49th Parallel. We in Nova Scotia Live south of this, as do Toronto citizens. However, its become the standard way of describing the border.

15. Mexican War – The Beginning • The U.S. declared war on Mexico in 1846, shortly after annexing Texas. MULTIMEDIA

16. Gen. Zachary Taylor * First battle of the war. Gen. Santa Anna

17. • Northerners opposed the war. They felt it was a Southern attempt to add more slave states to the Union. Balance of Power Between Free and Slave States as of 1844 Free States Slave States Original 13 States

18. US Territorial Expansion When? E - Texas • 1845 From Where? • Republic of Texas (Independent Country) Why? • Texas independent from Mexico in 1836 • Northerners feared it would become a slave state • Fears finally overcome in 1944 Presidential election A C B E D

19. US Territorial Expansion When? F - Oregon Territory • 1846 From Where? • Great Britain Why? • Claimed by four countries (G. Britain, Russia, Spain, & US) • Americans demanded “54° 40’ or fight!” • Britain compromised 49° & US accepted F A C B E D

20. US Territorial Expansion When? G - Mexican Cession • 1848 From Where? • Mexico Why? • Polk offers to buy G from Mexico & they refuse • War! • US wins • In Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, US offers $15 million for G F A C B G E D

21. Discussion Question • (Don’t write!! Just think!) • Why does the U.S. keep offering countries money for territories they gain through war (Ex. Florida and Mexico)?

22. HAWAII AND ALASKA? • Alaska - 3 January 1959 HOW? • Acquisition in 1867 by the U.S. from Russia of 586,412 sq mi (1.5 million sq km) at the northwestern tip of North America, comprising the current U.S. state of Alaska. The territory, held by Russia since 1741, was considered an economic liability, and in 1866 it was offered for sale. Pres. Andrew Johnson's secretary of state, William Seward, negotiated its purchase for $7.2 million, or about two cents per acre. Critics labeled the purchase Seward's Folly. Congressional opposition delayed the appropriation until 1868, when extensive lobbying and bribes by the Russian minister to the U.S. secured the required votes

23. Hawaii became a US Territory in 1898 by Act of Congress. • After William McKinley won the presidential election in 1896, Hawaii's annexation to the U.S. was again discussed. The previous president, Grover Cleveland, was a friend of Hawaii’s Queen Liliuokalani. McKinley was open to persuasion by U.S. expansionists and by annexationists from Hawaii. He met with three annexationists from Hawaii: Lorrin Thurston, Francis March Hatch and William Ansel Kinney. After negotiations, in June 1897, Secretary of State John Sherman agreed to a treaty of annexation with these representatives of the Republic of Hawaii. • Hawaii – BECAME A STATE 21 August 1959