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Literature since 1945

Literature since 1945. Tyler Lukaszewicz Emily Nedvidek. Authors. Arthur Miller (1915-2005). Born in New York on October 17, 1915 Graduated from Abraham Lincoln High School in 1932; enrolled in University of Michigan in 1934 Married Marilyn Monroe in 1956 at the age of 41

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Literature since 1945

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  1. Literature since 1945 Tyler Lukaszewicz Emily Nedvidek

  2. Authors

  3. Arthur Miller (1915-2005) • Born in New York on October 17, 1915 • Graduated from Abraham Lincoln High School in 1932; enrolled in University of Michigan in 1934 • Married Marilyn Monroe in 1956 at the age of 41 • Wrote mostly plays • Started writing plays in college; All My Sons opened on Broadway in 1947 • In 1949, wrote Death of a Salesman; received a Pulitzer Prize and international fame • Best known for Death of a Salesman and the Crucible

  4. Arthur Miller (1915-2005)

  5. Eudora Welty (1909-2001) • Born in Jackson, Mississippi • Mississippi State College for Women and the University of Wisconsin; graduated in 1929 • A publicist for a government agency; travels inspired her to write Death of a Traveling Salesman in 1936 • Pulitzer Prize in 1973 for the novel The Optimist’s Daughter • Writes about life in deep south and hardships of poor life • Tone of writing optimistic

  6. Eudora Welty (1909-2001)

  7. Alice Walker (1944-) • Born in Eatonton, GA to sharecroppers • Accident with a BB gun at age 8 • Valedictorian and prom queen in high school • Attended Spelman College (GA) and Sarah Lawrence College (NY) • Mainly fiction novels, also poetry and essays • Novels about lives of African American women • Most famous for The Color Purple; won a Pulitzer Prize and National Book Award in 1982 and was made into a movie

  8. Alice Walker (1944-)

  9. Maya Angelou (1928-) • Born April 4, 1928, in St. Louis, Missouri • “Marguerite Johnson” • Actor, teacher, author, poet, playwright, editor, and director • Autobiographies and poetry; two essays performed on stage • I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings- 1970 • Black girl growing up in the depression

  10. Maya Angelou (1928-)

  11. Truman Capote (1924-1984) • Born September 30, 1924 in New Orleans • “Truman Streckfus Persons” • Southern settings • Mostly nonfiction • Breakfast at Tiffany’s (1958) movie • In Cold Blood (1965) • Two drifters murder a Kansas farm family

  12. Truman Capote (1924-1984)

  13. History

  14. Vietnam War • US to aid South Vietnam • Preventing South Vietnam from falling to communist • Controversial • Protests • Tone of the literature and song

  15. JFK and MLK Assassinations • Effect on the literature from deaths. • Disappointment of losing a “better America”. • JFK murdered in Dallas, 1963. • MLK assassinated in Memphis, 5 years later

  16. Civil Rights Movement • Non violent protest for desegregation • In the south • Martin Luther King Jr. • Equal-rights • sit-ins, rallies and marches. Obtain: same rights as white Americans Rid of: Jim Crow law racial discrimination

  17. Nixon’s Resignation • White house security unit - illegal activities? • President Nixon’s finances • Vice President resigned - income tax evasion • Ford is new Vice President • Word of president getting impeached • Aug. 8th, President Nixon resigned • Vice President, Ford, sworn in

  18. Persian Gulf War • Aug 2nd, 1990 Saddam Hussein into Kuwait • Oil • U.N. orders Iraq to withdraw • Iraq failed to comply • U.N. sets ban on trade • Jan. Iraqis ordered to withdraw • Refused and Operation: Desert storm launched • George Bush Sr. bombs until surrender • Forced to remove all nuclear weapons

  19. Types of Literature

  20. Novel- A fictional prose narrative of considerable length, typically having a plot that is unfolded by the actions, speech, and thoughts of the characters. • Play- A literary work written for performance on the stage; a drama • Poetry- A piece of literature written in meter; verse • Essay- A short literary composition on a single subject, usually presenting the personal view of the author • Autobiography- The biography of a person written by that person

  21. Culture Since 1945

  22. The 1950s • Elvis Presley- big break in 1956 • Teen idol and symbol • Stood for rebellion- parents resented him • Rock n’ Roll became popular • Introduced new style of dancing (pelvis)

  23. The 1960s • Anti-War movements • Social revolution- questioned authority and government, demanded rights and freedom • “Hippies” • Drug use and psychedelic music • “British Invasion”- The Beatles

  24. The 1970s • Bell bottoms , disco, and afros • Economic recession- gave rise to environmentalism • “Hippie” culture peaked • Feminist movements • Vietnam

  25. The 1980s • USA boycotted the 1980 Olympics in Moscow • The Berlin Wall fell on November 9, 1989 • Had separated East and West Berlin • Symbol of end of the Cold War • Would lead to German Reunification

  26. The 1990s • Boy Bands [Backstreet Boys, N’Sync] • Personal computers and the internet • Reality TV • SUVs • Hip hop, alternative rock, R & B, Teen pop • Grunge and retro clothing

  27. Themes

  28. History • Influenced writing immensely • MLK/ JFK assassinations- writers began to explore social rights, social protest, and the unfairness of death • Vietnam and Korean War- realized how short life is, the pain of losing a loved one, and explored whether war really can solve anything • Berlin Wall/ Cold War- whether communism was beneficial; Politics; American Pride

  29. Modern and Daily Life • Problems of Modern Life- characters more depressed and discouraged with life; looked to themselves to change it rather than a higher power (more independent) • Boredom with Daily Life- did more outrageous things to entertain themselves; more imaginative; “is the grass greener?”

  30. Pop Culture and Conflicts • Pop Culture- huge influence on the characters; what they enjoyed, what they wore, and what they talked about, etc. • Styles of writing and writing topics changed to incorporate the modern culture and society’s interests • Conflicts b/w “sensitive” and poetic nature of individual and the brutality and coarseness of modern life- inner struggle b/w who they try to be and who they are; difficulty maintaining sensitive nature in a brutal world

  31. Existentialism and Theater of the Absurd • Existentialism- stresses that individuals must choose their own way to live and act; explores the themes of alienation and the search for self-fulfillment • Started exploring self-indulgence in their work; many main characters realized that they created the essence of their own lives, rather than authorities or deities. • Theater of the Absurd- probed social and personal problems; stressed the absurdity and lack of meaning in modern life • More conflict between characters and themselves; got bored with life and looked for fulfillment elsewhere

  32. Themes • Social Protest: Negative attitude towards wars and the government • Shortcomings of Adult world: gloomy, pitiful, seeking freedom and a better life • Down, disappointed, lacking excitement • Bitter Family Relationships: revenge, lack of communication, upset, angry

  33. Themes • Travel: something new, noone has exer seen, unique. • Human beings to environment: raising awareness, personification to Earth • False values, spiritual elevation: rush for religion and the new values, freedom

  34. Citations "civil rights movement." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition. 19  Aug.  2008  <http://www.school.eb.com/eb/article-9082763>. “United States." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition. 19  Aug.  2008  <http://www.school.eb.com/eb/article-77906>. "Persian Gulf War." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition. 19 Aug.  2008  <http://www.school.eb.com/eb/article-9059340>. Kennedy, John F.." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition. 20  Aug.  2008  <http://www.school.eb.com/eb/article-3870>. Jefferson Airplane. "Volunteers.". RCA, 1969.

  35. Citations • Bailey, Beth. "The Histories They are A-Changin': Sources for Teaching about the Movements of the 1960s.". EBSCO Host. August 24, 2008 <http://proxygsu- scob.galileo.usg.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/log in.aspx?direct=true&db=khh&AN=23129449&site=ehost-live>. • Croan, Melvin. "Berlin Wall." World Book Online Reference Center. 2008.  24 Aug. 2008 <http://www.worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?id=ar056660>. • "Grolier Online Dictionary". Grolier Online. August 24, 2008 <http://go.grolier.com • Jeansonne, Glen. "Elvis: Rock 'n' Roll's Reluctant Rebel". EBSCO Host. August 24, 2008 <http://proxygsu- scob.galileo.usg.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/lo gin.aspx?direct=true&db=khh&AN=26055441&site=ehost- live>. • McKay, Nellie Y. "Angelou, Maya." World Book Online Reference Center. 2008. 19 Aug. 2008 http://www.worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?id=ar021730. • Perkins, Barbara M. "Capote, Truman." World Book Online Reference Center. 2008. 19 Aug. 2008 <http://www.worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?id=ar093740> • Prentice Hall Literature: Timeless Voices, Timeless Themes: The American Experience. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc., 2004. (875-876; 963-964; 1102-1103)

  36. Citations (pictures) • "1970s Fashion". Roberto Pie Collection. August 24, 2008 <http://www.robertopiecollection.com/Application/images/Newpics/70s- Scrapbook-1-md.jpg>. • "A Decade of Change". NHD. August 24, 2008 <http://www.dce.k12.wi.us/srhigh/socialstudies/histday/1960s/1960 s.6.jpg>. • "Alice Walker". Brown Sugar Pages. August 24, 2008 <http://brownsugarpages.files.wordpress.com/2008/03/walker.jpg>. • "Backstreet Boys". Tropical Paragon. August 24, 2008 <http://bp0.blogger.com/_7kUrDK-lB-U/R8BkBGzK- UI/AAAAAAAAAgw/WvRABBOdpC0/s1600-h/backstreet_boys.jpg>. • "The Berlin Wall". Nova Online. August 24, 2008 <http://novaonline.nv.cc.va.us/eli/evans/Photos/Russia/BerlinWall.jpg>. • "Elvis Presley Music". 8Notes.com. August 24, 2008 <http://www.8notes.com/images/artists/elvis-presley.jpg>. • "Eudora Welty". Columbia250. August 24, 2008 <http://c250.columbia.edu/images/c250_celebrates/remarkable_col umbians/240x240_welty.jpg>. • "Image:Arthur-miller.jpg". Wikimedia Commons. August 24, 2008 <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Art hur- miller.jpg/489px-Arthur-miller.jpg>. • "Maya Angelou". UMass Dartmouth. August 24, 2008 http://www.umassd.edu/communications/articles/images/381.jpg.

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