Journal

1. Journal • What is poetry to you? What interests you about this new unit? What are you hoping to experience?

2. Poetry Type of rhythmic language that uses figures of speech and imagery to appeal to the reader's emotions and imagination.

3. Stanza • A paragraph in poetry • Example:Two roads diverged in a yellow woodAnd sorry I could not travel bothAnd be one traveler, long I stoodAnd looked down one as far as I couldTo where it bent in the undergrowth • Then took the other as just as fairAnd having perhaps the better claimBecause it was grassy and wanted wearThough as for that, the passing thereHad worn them really about the same

4. Symbolism • using something specific to stand for something else, especially an idea. A symbol is a person, place, object or action that for something beyond itself. • Ex.) a dove may represent peace. The dove can be seen and peace cannot.

5. Theme • the idea the author wishes to convey about that subject

6. The Cold Within by James Kinney Six humans trapped by happenstance In dark and bitter cold Each possessed a stick of wood-- Or so the story's told. Their dying fire in need of logs, But the first one held hers back, For, of the faces around the fire, She noticed one was black.

7. The next one looked cross the way Saw one not of his church, And could not bring himself to give The fire his stick of birch. The third one sat in tattered clothes He gave his coat a hitch, Why should his log be put to use To warm the idle rich?

8. The rich man just sat back and thought Of wealth he had in store, And keeping all that he had earned From the lazy, shiftless poor. The black man's face bespoke revenge As the fire passed from his sight, For he saw in his stick of wood A chance to spite the white.

9. And the last man of this forlorn group Did naught except for gain, Giving just to those who gave Was how he played the game, Their sticks held tight in death's stilled hands Was proof enough of sin; They did not die from cold without-- They died from cold within.

10. The Tree That Never Had to Fight by Douglas Mallock The tree that never had to fight, For sun and sky and air and light, But stood out on the open plain, And always got it’s share of rain, Never became a forest king, But lives and dies a scrawny thing.

11. The man who never had to toil, To gain and farm his patch of soil, Who never had to win his share, Of sun and sky and light and air, Never became a manly man, But lived and died as he began.

12. Good timber does not grow in ease, The stronger the wind, the stronger trees The farther sky, the greater the length The more the storm, the more the strength, By sun and cold, by rain and snow, In tree and men good timbers grow.

13. I. Three Classifications of Poetry: • Lyric: broadest form, tells the poet’s feelings B. Narrative: tells a story C. Dramatic: plays written in poetic form

14. II. Figurative Language Figurative Language is language used in a different way than it is normally used. There are many different types of figurative language. Here are some:

15. A. Simile • A comparison of two things using like or as • Example: “Her eyes were as bright as the sun.” or “She ran like the wind.”

16. B. Metaphor • This is a comparison between two things NOT using like or as. Examples: “Skimming an asphalt sea,” compares the sidewalk to the sea.

17. C. Personification Giving people traits to something that is not human Example: “The moon was shining sulkily.”

18. D. Alliteration The repeating of the first consonant sound in words, usually in the same line of poetry Example: “Along the briny beach.”

19. E. Onomatopoeia Words that imitate sounds Examples: “Clankity Clankity Clankity Clank”

20. F. Imagery The use of words that create sensory impressions (Do you remember your five senses?) in the reader’s mind. Examples: “The sun was shining on the sea” “The sea was wet as wet could be”

21. G. Hyperbole an extreme exaggeration Example: “the sea is boiling hot”

22. H. Idiom words that have a meaning beyond their literal meaning Example: He has the Midas touch.

23. III. Elements of Poetry

24. A. rhythm a pattern in a poem that is created by stressed and unstressed syllables Example: “Hickory dickory doc The mouse ran up the clock” OR “The sun was shining on the sea”

25. B. meter A pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry Examples: iambic (unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable) is most common. Iambic pentameter is five iambs in a line.

26. C. rhyme 1. End Rhyme: Words with the same sounds at the ends of lines that rhyme 2. Rhyme Scheme: a pattern of rhymes in poetry

27. D. stanzas “Paragraphs” in poetry.

28. 1. couplet Two lines of poetry set off differently, or a two lined poem.

29. 2. quatrain Four lined poem or a stanza consisting of four lines

30. 3. cinquain Five lined poem or a stanza consisting of five lines

31. IV. Common Poetry Forms:

32. A. Sonnet a fourteen lined poem with a set rhythm and rhyme scheme Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

33. B. Haiku Japanese form of poetry that focuses on visual imagery. It consists of 3 non-rhyming lines. line 1 - 5 syllables line 2 - 7 syllables line 3 - 5 syllables Against the bright sky stones glow where strong arms placed them to say "Remember."

34. C. Limerick alimerickisa five-line humorous poem with an AABBA rhyme scheme There was a man named FrankWho invented a new type of tankHe said it would floatJust like a boatWhen they launched it, it sank

35. D. Acrostic Poem Uses the letters in a topic to create a poem S hines brightly U p in the sky N ice and warm on my skin

36. E. Free verse Poetry that has no fixed rhythm nor rhyme nor stanza arrangement of length

37. F. Blank verse Unrhymed iambic pentameter poetry example for Shakespeare’s Hamlet To be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them?

38. G. Ode An Ode is a poem praising and glorifying a person, place or thing. • Example: To become a real leprechaun,and have a pot of gold.To be able to enjoy the music,and not be left out in the cold. Their life of enjoyment,can be seen in their face.To be a living leprechaun,is something I can embrace.