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Sustainable Fishery Management in Zanzibar: A Research Proposal

This research proposal aims to assess the contribution of the fishery sector to Zanzibar's economy. It includes investigating resource rent, stock value over time, and diversifying the economy. Methodology involves SEEA guidelines and data sources like surveys and the Fisheries Department. Limitations include data availability and effort allocation challenges.

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Sustainable Fishery Management in Zanzibar: A Research Proposal

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  1. Natural Resource Accounting in Zanzibar: Artisanal FisheryA RESEARCH PROPOSALAdolf .F Mkenda Zeinab Ngazy

  2. outline • Background • Objective • Justification • Methodology • Data source • Challenges

  3. Background • Economic importance of the sector • 1991: agriculture mainstay -31% of GDP (Fishery 3%) • 2004: Agriculture 21% (fishery 4%)

  4. Fishery resource in Zanzibar • Reef fish: Coral reef fish include emperors, snappers, sweetlips, parrotfish, surgeonfish, rabbitfish, grouper and goat fish. • Large Pelagic: include Spanish mackerel, bonito, yellowfin, tuna, barracuda, jack, mackerel, wolf herring,marlin, sharkand kingfish among others. .

  5. Fishery resource (cont…) • Small Pelagic: include sardines, scads and mackerels, herring and anchovy • Demersal Species: shark, snapper, grouper, bream, rabbitfish, parrotfish, goatfish, mullet, octopus, squid, lobster, crab, ray, skate, sole, catfish, sea cucumber and shrimp

  6. Fishery resource (cont..) • The Lagoon and Intertidal Pond Species: Include octopus, squid and a variety of bialves. • Crustacea: Grouped as shallow water lobster, prawns and crabs • Shells/Bivalves: More than 40 edible species are obtained in Zanzibar

  7. Fishery Resources (cont..) • Marine mammals: These resources are within the group of Dolphin, whales and dugongs. • Deep Sea Resources: The main deep water resource is deep water lobsters.

  8. Fishery resource (cont..) • Holuthurians(seacucumber): commercially collected seacucumber in Zanzibar are of five species. • Turtles: The most common species are the green sea turtle, the hawksbill turtle and the ridley turtle.

  9. Employment • A total of 18,619 (7831 in Pemba and 10788 in Unguja) people are employed. • Fishery supporting sector gets employment from the fisheries ( boat construction and repair, marketing and sale of fish products).

  10. Employment (cont…) • Spill over benefits to other sectors e.g tourism sector • After the fall of world market prices for cloves,tourism became the leading sector in attracting investments

  11. Employment (cont….) • 60% of the total investment in Zanzibar is in the tourism sector (ZIPA 2001) • There are a number of recreational activities including diving, snorkeling and sports fishing • The growth of tourism has been so fast at an average of 8 % per annum (Khatib, 2003) .

  12. Export • Marine resources are exported annually to Denmark, USA, Dubai, Philippines, Spain, Oman, Hong Kong, India and Tanzania mainland • Annual total fish exports between 1990 and 1998 reached 407 metric tons valuing 132,937,826 and the export royalty amount to 5,885,775.41

  13. Objective To assess: • The actual contribution of fishery sector to Zanzibar economy.

  14. Specific Objective • To compile and analyse data for construction of physical and monetary account for fisheries • To calculate resource rent and stock value of the fishery over time • To assess the trend of rent and stock overtime

  15. Justification • Indications that the fishery has been biologically over-fished. • Poverty reduction policy: using the fishery as an avenue for diversifying the economy and creating employment • Initiatives from statistics department to develop a satelite account for fisheries following UN&FAO (2004) guidelines

  16. Methodology • SEEA Guidelines for Fisheries proposed by UN&FAO (2004). • Zanzibar Households budget surveys (1991 and 2004) • Catch and effort data collected by Zanzibar Fisheries Department • Conduct minor surveys for estimation of intermediate cost

  17. Structure of the Asset Account for Fisheries • Physical accounts(000s of M/tons) Opening stock - Total catch (Commercial large scale + Small-scale commercial and subsistence + Recreational + Estimated illegal catch) + Net natural growth (recruitment - natural mortality) + Other changes in volume (Estimated discard + Other) =Closing stock

  18. Table . Physical fish stock in M/Tons

  19. Monetary Account • R= TR-(IC+CE+CFC+NP)…….(1) • Where: • R= Resource rent • TR = total revenue • IC = intermediate consumption • CE = compensation to employees • CFC = Depreciation of fixed capital • NP =Normal profit

  20. Monetary account (cont..)

  21. Monetary account (cont…)

  22. Monetary Account (cont..) • Where: • t = current period • V = value of the asset • P = unit rent price such that R= total resource rent • T= the remaining lifespan of the resource • S= the stock of natural resource at the close of the accounting period. • r = discount rate.

  23. Data Sources • Office of the Chief Government Statistician • Fisheries Department • MPA offices (patrolling and other costs) • ZIPA • Institute of Marine Sciences • Local Fishermen (fish landing stations) • Diving and sports fishing centres • Other studies/literatures

  24. Limitations/challenges • Lack of recent and relevant data on fish stocks for physical account • Data collected does not allocate effort according to type of fish • fisher-folks do not keep records of costs involved in fishing • Data inaccuracy/descripancies

  25. Thank you !Ahsante !Obrigada!

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