The French and Indian War

1. The French and Indian War “England and France compete in North America”

2. Rivalry Between the French and the British • Ohio River Valley • British began to show interest • French didn’t want to share the fur trade

3. Rivalry between the French and the British • France built chain of forts • British follows and builds their own • French soldiers capture English trading posts • Build Fort Duquesne

4. Rivalry between the French and the British Start of the War 1754 • Militia led by George Washington • British build fort near Fort Duquesne (Fort Necessity) • French and Indians combine armies • Washington had to surrender

5. Albany Plan

6. Albany Plan • Plan of Union • Bring colonies together • Each colony elect delegates to a continental assembly

7. The Beginning of War • French had early success in war. • British colony raids

8. The Turning Point • William Pitt became prime minister • British troops sent to N. America • British would pay for the war • William Pitt goals: • Open the Ohio River Valley • Conquer French Canada

9. The End • 1759 • Quebec, Capital of New France • British find poorly guarded path • Night attack on French • British surprise and defeat French

10. Treaty of Paris 1763 France --> lost her Canadian possessions, most of her empire in India, and claims to lands east of the Mississippi River. Spain -->got all French lands west of the Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida to England. England -->got all French lands in Canada, exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade, and commercial dominance in India.

12. Effects of the War on Britain? • It increased her colonial Empire • It greatly enlarged debt • Britain’s dislike for colonies created bitter feelings.

13. Effects of the War on the American Colonies • It united them against a common enemy for the first time. • It created bitter feelings towards the British that would only intensify.

14. Chief Pontiac: Address to Ottawa, Huron, and Pottawatomie Indians (May 5, 1763) “It is important … that we exterminate from our lands this nation which seeks only to destroy us. You see as well as I do that we can no longer supply our needs, as we have done from our brothers, the French. The English sells us goods twice as dear as the French do, and their goods do not last. …When I go to see the English commander and say to him that some of our comrades are dead, instead of bewailing their death, as our French brothers do, he laughs at me and at you. If I ask for anything for our sick, he refuses with the reply that he has no use for us. … Are we not men like them? … What do we fear? It is time.”

15. Effects of War on Native Americans • British raised prices of goods • British refused to pay Native’s to use land • Colonist settled in Natives land.

16. Pontiac’s Rebellion • Pontiac is a Native American leader • United tribes to expel the British • General Jeffrey Amherst- Blankets

17. Proclamation 1763 • 10,000 British troop in America • Couldn’t settle west of Appalachian Mountains

18. Effects of the Proclamation 1763 • Kept conflict with Natives at bay • Kept colonist on coast to keep control