The french and indian war

1. Chapter 3 Section 4 The french and indian war

2. European Competiton • The struggle for empire led to a rivalry between Britain and France. • 1689-1748: Series of wars that took place between Britain and France. • Britain’s main goal was to get the French out of North America. France’s relationship with American Indians prevented this. • French and British were competing to gain support from the NA by giving them gifts; such as arms and ammunition.

3. Balance of Power Shifts… • 1754: British (1.5 Million) greatly outnumber the French (70,000). • Indians were losing land to the British settlers, while the French treated them with respect and generosity.

4. The French & Indian War • Point of Conflict between French and British was the fertile Ohio River Valley. • To prevent British from settling this area the French built Fort Duquesne. • British, led by George Washington, retaliated and at first defeated a small French force, however, he had to surrender when the French counterattacked. • Often called the Seven Years War in Europe.

5. Turning Point of the War • British cut off French shipping to the Americas. As a result, Indians deserted the French to go support the “better supplied” British. • British were able to capture many French controlled areas after they gained support. • Treaty of Paris (1763): ended the war and declared victory for the British. • Gained Canada, the Great Lakes, the Ohio River Valley, and Florida • Mississippi River became the boundary between the British and Spanish claims to North America.

6. Pontiac’s Rebellion • Native American uprising against the British. • NA captured B forts in Ohio River Valley and Great Lakes, and raided settlements of western Pennsylvania, Maryland, & Virginia. • Goal of NA: weaken the British and lure the French back to North America, however they failed to capture the 3 largest and strongest British forts: Detroit, Niagara, and Fort Pitt.

7. Proclamation of 1763 • Native Americans agreed to make peace in return for Britain’s promise to keep British settlers off of their land. • Proclamation ordered colonial settlers to remain east of Appalachian Mountains.

8. Albany Plan of Union • Plan that called on the colonies to unite under British rule and to cooperate with one another in war. • Created American continental assembly that would include delegates from each colony, however, no colonies would accept plan for fear of losing autonomy. • British also dropped plan, fearing 13 colonies would be too difficult to manage. • British then imposed new taxes and new regulations of colonial trade, which angered colonists.

9. Albany Plan of Union • Ben Franklin came up with idea of all colonies joining together. • Wanted to create a united voice for the colonies and some structure • Colonies turned the plan down because they were afraid of losing the freedoms they had • Parts of our first unified government can be traced back to this plan.