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Review Warm-Up 3/14/13

Review Warm-Up 3/14/13. What is an astrolabe ? What are the three G’s and what do they stand for?. Age of Exploration Chapt 19 Sect 1. SSWH10 The student will analyze the impact of the age of discovery and expansion into the Americas, Africa and Asia. For Glory, God, Gold.

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Review Warm-Up 3/14/13

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  1. Review Warm-Up 3/14/13 • What is an astrolabe? • What are the three G’s and what do they stand for?

  2. Age of ExplorationChapt 19 Sect 1 SSWH10 The student will analyze the impact of the age of discovery and expansion into the Americas, Africa and Asia.

  3. For Glory, God, Gold • The three G’s of exploration; Glory God and Gold • The desire to grow rich and to spread Christianity, coupled with advances in sailing technology, spurred an age of European exploration. • Through overseas exploration, merchants and traders hoped ultimately to benefit from what had become a profitable business in Europe: the trade of spices and other luxury goods from Asia. Pocahontas video

  4. Improved Technology • The main problem was that European ships could not sail against the wind. • The Caravel • Triangular Sails • Astrolabe-was a brass circle with carefully adjusted rings marked off in degrees. Using the rings to sight the stars, a sea captain could calculate latitude, or how far north or south of the equator the ship was. This was invented by the Muslims. • Compass • Chinese invention

  5. ChinaMing Dynasty-Rules for nearly 300 yrs-Brought peace and stability to China Zheng He 1405-1433 -The purpose of his voyages was to impress the world with the power and splendor of Ming China, they also wanted to expand China’s tribute system. -Southeast Asia -India -Africa

  6. Portugal leads the way in Europe • The leader in developing and applying these sailing innovations was Portugal. • Portugal took the lead in overseas exploration in part due to strong government support. • The first to explore the east in the Indian Ocean • They eventually travel south and explore the western side of Africa. • Gold • Ivory • Slaves

  7. Vasco de Gama • Portuguese explorer • Began exploring the east African coast • 1498 reached the port of Calicut in SW India • Da Gama and his crew were amazed by the spices, rare silks, and precious gems that filled Calicut’s (in India) shops. • Their cargo was worth 60 times more than the cost of their voyage • First to find a direct sea route to India from Europe (around the southern tip of Africa)

  8. In 1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue • Determined to find a sea route to India by sailing west • In October Columbus landed in the Caribbean, he thought it was the East indies • This is going to start conflicts between Portugal and Spain

  9. Portugal vs. Spain • Portugal suspected that Columbus had claimed for Spain lands that Portuguese sailors might have reached first. • Resolution: • an imaginary dividing line, drawn north to south, through the Atlantic Ocean- Line of Demarcation • All lands to the West= Spain’s East = Portugal • Portugal complained it gave too much land to Spain • Moved farther west • Treaty of Tordesillas- both countries signed agreeing they would honor the line

  10. Treaty of Tordesillas

  11. In 1519 Magellan led the boldest voyage yet Originally had just wanted to check out the pacific ocean Had 270 men and 5 ships He and his men were the first people to circumnavigate, or sail around the world. Ferdinand Magellan

  12. Charts maps of the Pacific • Discovers Hawaii, refers to them as the Sandwich islands James Cook1769-1770 • British Explorer • First European contact with the Australian coastline • First to circumnavigate New Zealand • Superior cartographer and navigator

  13. Samuel de Champlain1608 • He sails for France • Quebec is the first French settlement in the Americas. It is in Canada. • Sent Jesuit missionaries to convert people to Christianity • Traded with the natives blankets, furs and wine for animal skins • He established the fur trade Founded Quebec

  14. Conquered the Incan Empire They captured the Incan King. The king offered to fill a room once with gold and twice with silver for his release. They take him up on his ransom- but then kill him as soon as he gives them all the gold and silver Francisco Pizarro

  15. Mercantilism Became a national policy Definition: states power depended on it’s wealth • Gold & Silver = wealth of nation (bullion) • Remember before land=power, then $=power, now gold= power 2. Export more than it imports – balance of trade 3. Colonies – both the sources of raw materials as well as vital markets for finished goods

  16. PositivesNegatives “Mother-countries” were self sufficient There was a mass exchange of goods and raw materials Nations were prospering and in turn building colonial empires and expanding to new territories Introduction to new products from all over the world Spain and Portugal will go into decline because they did not build extensive manufacturing industries within their countries Tariffs and Taxes The “mother-countries” are seeing all the wealth, not the colonies; they don’t treat colonies fairly

  17. Columbian exchange– gifts exchanged by the Old World and the New World. • America gets • Slavery • Smallpox • Conquest • Horses • Europe gets • Tomatoes • Corn • Potatoes • Squash • Chocolate • Tobacco

  18. Triangle Trade • Ships sailed the legs of a triangle formed by Europe, Africa and the Americas. • Leaving from Europe: Knives, swords, guns, cloth and rum • Leaving from Africa: slaves • Sold for money that was used to buy sugar, molasses, cotton, and tobacco

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