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Medical Terminology

Medical Terminology. List 3 Chapter 2. Organization of the Body. Cells. Basic functional unit of the body. Tissue. Groups of cells Working together To perform a specialize function. Organ. Composed to 2 or more different types of tissue Specific function Usually recognizable shape.

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Medical Terminology

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  1. Medical Terminology List 3 Chapter 2

  2. Organization of the Body

  3. Cells • Basic functional unit of the body

  4. Tissue • Groups of cells • Working together • To perform a specialize function

  5. Organ • Composed to 2 or more different types of tissue • Specific function • Usually recognizable shape

  6. System • Related organs • Common function

  7. Organism • Collection of body systems • Make up the most complex level of life

  8. Body Systems -11 • Circulatory System • Lymphatic (immune) system • Digestive system • Endocrine system • Reproductive system • Muscular system • Skeletal system • Nervous system • Respiratory system • Integumentary system • Urinary system

  9. Acronym for 11 body systems • MURDERS LINCMuscularUrinaryReproductiveDigestiveEndocrineRespiratorySkeletalLymphaticIntegumentaryNervousCirculatory

  10. Circulatory System • Contains • Heart, Arteries; Veins; Capillaries; Blood; Spleen • Function • to deliver oxygenated blood to the body

  11. Lymphatic (Immune) System • Contains • Lymph nodes, white blood cells • Function • to remove infectious diseases and other pathogens from the human body

  12. Digestive System • Contains • Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Pancreas, Liver, Gallbladder, Intestines • Function • To convert food particles into simpler, molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used by the body

  13. Endocrine System • Contains: Glands • hypothalamus • pituitary gland • thyroid • parathyroid • adrenal glands • pancreas • testes • ovaries

  14. Endocrine System • Function • to control growth, development, metabolism and reproduction through the production and secretion of hormones

  15. Reproductive System • Contains • Female: Ovaries, uterus, vagina • Male: Testis, penis, prostate • Function • Allows for the continuation of the human species

  16. Muscular System • Contains • Muscles • Function • works with the skeletal and nervous system to produce movement

  17. Skeletal System • Contains • Bones • Femur, humerus, radius and ulna, cranium, fibula and tibia, vertebrae, pelvic bone, phalanges • Function • to provide structure and support to the body

  18. Nervous System • Contains • Brain, spinal cord, nerves • Function • to coordinate the body’s response to changes in its internal and external environment

  19. Respiratory System • Contains • Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, alveoli, lungs, diaphragm • Function • to provide the body with a oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

  20. Integumentary System • Contains • Skin • Function • protection to the underlying layers • body temperature regulation • nerves that respond to temperature, touch, pressure, and pain

  21. Urinary System • Contains • Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra • Function • Remove waste products from the body • Keep fluid and electrolyte levels normal

  22. Body Cavities • Cranial • Thoracic • Abdominal • Pelvic • Spinal • Pleura

  23. Cranial Cavity • Location • Surrounded by the skull, in the head • Contains • Brain, meninges

  24. Thoracic Cavity • Location • Chest area • Surrounded by the ribs • Contains • Lung, heart, trachea

  25. Abdominal Cavity • Location • Below the thoracic cavity and above the pelvic cavity • Contains • Digestive organs • Stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, intestines kidney

  26. Pelvic Cavity • Location • Below the abdominal cavity, • Surrounded by the pelvis • Contains • Reproductive organs, urinary bladder, rectum

  27. Spinal Cavity • Location • Space surrounded by the spinal column • Contains • Spinal cord

  28. Pleura Cavity • Location • Pleura surrounds the lungs • Cavity is the space between the pleura and the lungs • Contains • Pleural fluid

  29. Diaphragm • Location • The muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity • Contains • Muscle that aids in respiration

  30. Mediastinum • Location • Large space between the lungs • Contains • Heart, esophagus, trachea, bronchi

  31. What cavity is it?

  32. Body Planes • How to cut the body into pieces!

  33. Sagittal • AKA: • Lateral • Vertically divides the body right half and left half. • Midsagittal • Divides the body through the midline

  34. Transverse • AKA • Axial • Horizontally divides the body into superior and inferior portions

  35. Coronal Coronal • AKA • Frontal • Divides the body front to back • Into anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) portions.

  36. Directions • Movements of the body!

  37. Adduction • Movement towards the midline of the body

  38. Abduction • Movement away from the midline of the body

  39. Superior • AKA • Cephalic • Cranial • Above or higher; toward the head

  40. Inferior • AKA • Caudal • Below or lower, toward the tail

  41. Anterior • AKA • Ventral • Front of the body, toward the front

  42. Posterior • AKA • Dorsal • Back of the body; toward the back

  43. Medial • Pertaining to the middle; toward the midline

  44. Lateral • Pertaining to the side; toward the side

  45. External • Outside, exterior to

  46. Internal • Within, interior to

  47. Superficial • Toward or on the surface

  48. Deep • Away from the surface

  49. Proximal • Near the point of attachment to the trunk or a structure

  50. Distal • Farther from the point of attachment to the trunk or a structure

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