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Exploring the Role of the Nucleus in Enzyme Production: Amylase in Healthy Cells

This article delves into the function of the cell's nucleus, particularly regarding a healthy duodenal cell producing amylase. It investigates the cause of abnormally low amylase concentration, examining potential factors such as errors in nucleotide sequence, transcription, and translation processes. Understanding the nucleus's role in protein synthesis—where DNA is transcribed to RNA, and further translated into proteins—provides insight into cellular function and the overall health of the cell. Learn more about the complexities of enzyme production and cellular communication.

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Exploring the Role of the Nucleus in Enzyme Production: Amylase in Healthy Cells

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Presentation Transcript

  1. the function of the nucleus within the cell 20 January 2012

  2. Question: • A healthy cell in the duodenum responsible for producing amylase is found to have an abnormally low concentration of the enzyme. What could be the cause of this anomaly? • What do we need to know to answer this question?

  3. 4 2 3 1 5 7 8 6

  4. cell membrane smooth ER nucleus ribosome mitochondrion rough ER Golgi body lysosome

  5. transcription and translation • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41_Ne5mS2ls

  6. protein synthesis • The nucleus receives a chemical signal to make a specific protein. • The DNA message for the protein is copied into RNA. • RNA leaves the nucleus through a nuclear pore. • The RNA message is delivered to a ribosome • The ribosome makes the protein. • The manufactured protein enters the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). • A vesicle forms at the end of the ER, and carries the protein to the Golgi. • The Golgi body repackages the protein for transport out of the cell. • A vesicle forms off the end of the Golgi body to carry the protein to the cell membrane.

  7. Back to the original question… • A healthy cell in the duodenum responsible for producing amylase is found to have an abnormally low concentration of the enzyme. What could be the cause of this anomaly? • error in nucleotide sequence • error in transcription from DNA  mRNA • error in translation from mRNA  protein • other possibilities?

  8. interesting/useful links • DNA structure: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qy8dk5iS1f0 • foldit: http://fold.it/portal/ • Protein synthesis: http://www.wisc-online.com/Objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP1302

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