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Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy and Physiology. Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resource Standards Addressed. AS.01.02. Assess and select animal production methods for use in animal systems based upon their effectiveness and impacts.

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Anatomy and Physiology

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  1. Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy & Physiology TM

  2. Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resource Standards Addressed • AS.01.02. Assess and select animal production methods for use in animal systems based upon their effectiveness and impacts. • AS.01.02.01.a. Identify and categorize terms and methods related to animal production. Anatomy & Physiology TM

  3. Directional Terminology Dorsal Dorsal Dorsal Dorsal Cranial Caudal Ventral Ventral Proximal Distal Anterior Posterior Anatomy & Physiology TM

  4. 3-D and Surface Planes Median Transverse Sagittal Frontal Deep Superficial Anatomy & Physiology TM

  5. Axial and Appendicular Skeleton Axis Vertebrae Skull Cervical Sacral Thoracic Lumbar Coccygeal Atlas Scapula Pelvis Femur Patella Humerus Ribs Fibula Olecranon Tibia Radius Tarsals Carpals Metatarsals Ulna Phalanges Phalanges Sesamoids Metacarpals Anatomy & Physiology TM

  6. Classification of Bones • Short bone – cube shaped, i.e. carpus and tarsus • Flat bone – plate of bone, i.e. scapula, rib, skull • Irregular bone – complex shaped, i.e. vertebrae • Sesamoid – small, seed-shaped bone, i.e. proximal and distal sesamoids, patella • Long bone – bone is longer that it is wide, i.e. femur, tibia, humerus, etc. Anatomy & Physiology TM

  7. Bone Anatomy Epiphysis Diaphysis Periosteum Medullary cavity Endosteum Bone marrow Metaphysis Anatomy & Physiology TM

  8. Bone Fractures Fissured Greenstick Transverse Comminuted Anatomy & Physiology TM

  9. Types of Muscles Muscles are contractile organs responsible for the voluntary and involuntary movements of animals. • Skeletal muscle –allows for all voluntary movement, appears to be striated when looked at under a microscope. • Cardiac muscle – controls the involuntary beating of the heart, appears striated under a microscope. • Smooth muscle –responsible for all other involuntary movement, such as breathing, digestion, peristalsis, blinking, etc. Anatomy & Physiology TM

  10. Major Muscles Brachiocephalicus Latissimus dorsi Masseter External abdominal oblique Trapezius Gluteals Pectorals Semitendinous Deltoid Gastrocnemius Triceps brachii Biceps femoris Intercostal Anatomy & Physiology TM

  11. Upper Respiratory System Nasal cavity Pharynx Esophagus Mouth Larynx Epiglottis Tongue Trachea Anatomy & Physiology TM

  12. Lower Respiratory System Epiglottis Alveoli Larynx Trachea Cartilage ring Lungs Bronchi Bronchioles Anatomy & Physiology TM

  13. Parts of a Neuron Dendrite Cell body (soma) Myelin sheath Axon Synapse Anatomy & Physiology TM

  14. Brain Anatomy Cerebrum Meninges Cerebellum Thalamus Spinal cord Pituitary gland Hypothalamus Brain stem Medulla oblongata Anatomy & Physiology TM

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