PERCEPTION!
PERCEPTION!. What is perception?. Go through your notes and in your own words write down what perception is?. Perception. The process of integrating, organizing, and interpreting sensation. Perceptions Influenced by: ----motivation ----Values ----Expectations ----Experience ----Culture
PERCEPTION!
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Presentation Transcript
What is perception? • Go through your notes and in your own words write down what perception is?
Perception • The process of integrating, organizing, and interpreting sensation
Perceptions Influenced by: ----motivation ----Values ----Expectations ----Experience ----Culture ----Cognitive Style ----Personality
Perception • Selective Attention focus of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus
Visual Capture • tendency for vision to dominate the other senses
Grouping • the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups
Gestalt Psychology • We perceive whole objects, not isolated bits or pieces.
Gestalt • The “whole,” or the organizational patterns that we tend to perceive • Gestalt psychologists stressed that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. • By breaking experiences into their basic parts, something important is lost.
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Figure- Ground relationship • organization of the visual field into object (figures) that stand out from their surroundings (ground)
Figure-Ground • The perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into objects (the figures) that stand out from their surrounding (the ground) • The figure is the object (s) that stands out or draws one’s attention. • The ground is the background.
Grouping • the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups • Patterns, shapes, forms
Grouping • Several principles of grouping include: • Similarity • Proximity • Closure • Continuity
Grouping - Similarity • The tendency to place items that look similar into a group
Grouping - Proximity • The tendency to place objects that are physically close to each other in a group
Grouping – Closure • The tendency to look at the whole by filling in gaps in a perceptual field
Grouping – Continuity • The tendency to perceive that movement of an object continues once it appears to move in a particular direction
Depth Perception • ability to see objects in three dimensions • allows us to judge distance
Depth Perception: Binocular Depth Cues Module 10: Perception
Binocular Cues • Depth cues that require the use of both eyes
Retinal Disparity • A binocular depth cue resulting from slightly different images produced by the separation of the retinas in the left and right eye • Is most effective when the item is quite close to the person
Convergence • A binocular depth cue related to the tension in the eye muscles when the eyes track inward to focus on objects close to the viewer • The more tension in the eye muscle, the closer the object is • Works best at close distances
Depth Perception: Monocular Depth Cues Module 10: Perception
Monocular Cues • Depth cues that require the use of only one eye • Monocular depth cues include: relative size, relative motion, interposition, relative height, texture gradient, relative clarity, and linear perspective.
Monocular Cues • relative size • smaller image is more distant
Monocular Depth Cues – Relative Size • Using the perceived size of a familiar object to determine depth • The larger the object appears, the closer the object is to the viewer
Monocular Depth Cues – Relative Motion • A person who is moving can determine depth by focusing on a distant object. • Objects further away than the object of focus will appear to move in the same direction as the subject is moving.
Monocular Depth Cues – Relative Motion • Objects closer than the object of focus will appear to move in the opposite direction.
Interposition/ Overlap • closer object blocks distant object
Monocular Depth Cues – Relative Height • Method of determining depth by noting that distant objects appear higher in your field of vision than do closer objects
texture gradient • coarse --> close fine --> distant • (Look at the floor beneath you, and then across the room)
Monocular Depth Cues–Texture Gradient • Method of determining depth by noting that distant objects have a smoother texture than nearby objects
Monocular Depth Cues – Relative Clarity • Method of determining depth by noting that distant objects are less clear than nearby objects • Tends to work outdoors
Monocular Depth Cues–Linear Perspective • Method of determining depth by noting that parallel lines appear to converge in the distance • The lines appears to eventually merge on the horizon.
relative clarity/ Aerial Perspective • hazy object seen as more distant • (Look out window at the trees close to the window and the trees in the distance)
linear perspective • parallel lines converge with distance
