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Ancient Civilizations of the Americas: Mayans, Aztecs, and Incas

Explore the rich history of the Mayans, Aztecs, and Incas from their architecture, mathematics, and astronomy to their downfall at the hands of the Conquistadors. Experience their rise, achievements, and ultimate decline.

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Ancient Civilizations of the Americas: Mayans, Aztecs, and Incas

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  1. 300 BCE-900 CE The Mayans • Architecture • temples • astronomy • mathematics • Slow decline • Warfare • Overpopulation • Soil exhaustion

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  3. The AZTECS (1200-1521) • In 1325, the Aztec god Uitzilopochtli told the people where to settle when • “you find an eagle perched atop a cactus holding a snake in its beak.” • Soon afterwards, the Aztecs founded the city of Tenochtitlan. • Generations later, Mexico City now stands on the spot of the former Aztec city. • The snake, eagle and cactus have become national symbols in Mexico.

  4. The Aztecs fall t/t Conquistadors • Hernan Cortez • 600 men, 16 horses & cannon • Moctezuma – last Aztec ruler • Tenochtitlan • Human sacrifices • mainly POWs

  5. The Inca Empire 1197-1572 • By the late 1400’s, the Inca Empire stretched 2,500 miles across what is today Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Chile. • The Inca’s were able to acquire new skills and survival techniques by learning from the people in the area and then branching out.

  6. The Incas fall t/t Conquistadors • Francisco Pizarro • Atahualpa • “thirst for gold” • Spanish weaponry & European diseases • small pox • 80,000 Incan warriors defeated by 168 conquistadors • Cuzco was capital • Machu Picchu

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