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Understanding Scientific Variables and Measurements

This guide explores key scientific concepts including hypotheses, variables, and measurement tools. Learn about independent and dependent variables, and how to manipulate them in controlled experiments. Discover how to calculate mean, median, mode, and range with sets of data. Additionally, we explain the use of graduated cylinders, scales, rulers, and the distinction between mass and volume in metric units. Enhance your understanding of quantitative and qualitative data and their significance in scientific investigations.

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Understanding Scientific Variables and Measurements

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  1. 1. If the amount of water increases, then the height of the plant will increase. This is an example of • A hypothesis

  2. 2. The variable that is changed (manipulated) in an experiment • Independent variable

  3. 3. The variable changes (responds) as a result of a change in the independent variable • Dependent variable

  4. 4. An explanation that can be tested with a scientific investigation. • hypothesis

  5. 5. What is the sum of the numbers in a set of data divided by the number of entries in the set? • Mean

  6. 6. What is the middle number in a data set when the data are arranged in numerical order? • Median

  7. 7. What is the number that appears most often? • mode

  8. 8. What is the difference between the highest and lowest values in a data set? • range

  9. 9. Using a graduated cylinder, 1 mL equals • 1 cm3

  10. 10. Graduated cylinder measures • volume of a liquid

  11. 11. Mass is measured using what tool? • triple beam balance scale

  12. 12. A spring scale measures • weight

  13. 13. What tool would you use to measure length? • ruler • Trundle wheel

  14. 14. Mass in measured in what metric units? • grams

  15. What is the amount of material in an object called? • mass

  16. 16. The amount of space an object takes up • volume

  17. 17. A scientific experiment that involves changing one factor and observing its effects on one thing while keeping all other things constant. • Controlled experiment

  18. 18. What is quantitative data ? • descriptions of the natural world using numbers

  19. 19. What is qualitative data? • descriptions of the natural world using words

  20. 20. What is the effect of the length of the paper airplane on the distance traveled? What is the independent variable? • length of the paper airplane

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