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Astronomy Research Project

Astronomy Research Project. By: Sara Rubin. Sir Isaac Newton. Gravity. Gravity is what causes all objects with mass to be attracted to each other. The acceleration of a falling object due to the force of gravity is 9.8m/s/s.(Air resistance causes this number to differ for different masses.).

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Astronomy Research Project

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  1. Astronomy Research Project By: Sara Rubin

  2. Sir Isaac Newton

  3. Gravity • Gravity is what causes all objects with mass to be attracted to each other. • The acceleration of a falling object due to the force of gravity is 9.8m/s/s.(Air resistance causes this number to differ for different masses.)

  4. The Three Laws of Motion • An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion unless an outside force is applied to it. (Law of Inertia) • http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/GBSSCI/PHYS/mmedia/newtlaws/cci.html • A force acting on a object is equal to the mass of the object times its acceleration. F=ma (Force=mass* acceleration) • For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

  5. The Centripetal Force • The force that keeps objects in a circular motion (it pulls it toward the center) • Ex. The moons’ orbit http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/GBSSCI/PHYS/mmedia/circmot/cf.html

  6. Inverse Square Law • Mathematical formula that can tell you the intensity of light, the strength of an electric charge, and the strength of gravitational attraction • Force = 1/(distance * distance) • (An inverse is 1 divided by a number, and a square is a number multiplied by itself) Thus, F= 1/d2 • This explains the changing speed of a planet- the closer to the sun~ the faster speed, more gravitation pull the farther from the sun~ the slower speed, less gravitational pull.

  7. Escape Velocity • Definition: the minimum velocity needed to escape the gravitational pull of a planet, moon, asteroid, or other object • Earth: 11.2 Km/sec • Mars: 5Km/sec

  8. Life • Born on Christmas 1642 in England • Discovers gravity • Comes up with the 3 laws of motion • Publishes his ideas • Robert Hooke becomes his nemesis • Edmund Halley- supporter • Knighted by the Queen • Died at age of 84

  9. Calculus • He called it “the method of fluxions” (flowing or changing qualities) • Deals with numbers that are not constant, but changing • Differentiation • Integration (opposite of differentiation) • Used to describe the movement of objects such as cannon balls and moons

  10. The Particle Theory of Light • He said that white light was a mixture of many different colored light rays. Each was refracted by a different amount of glass and they became separated after shining through the prism. • He also stated that light was the result of the movement of tiny particles or corpuscles. Robert Hooke and other scientists believed that light was rays or pulses.

  11. Telescope • The lens had a problem with refraction • Bowl-shaped mirror (Newtonian or Reflecting telescope) • This design is still used today

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