1. External Text Structures • Italics • Bold/Colored Print • Underline • Indentation • Sidebar • Illustrations, Graphics, Photography • Heading, Subheading • Footnotes • Annotations

2. Italics/Underlining Emphasis: "Smith wasn't the only guilty party, it's true". Titles and Works: "He wrote his thesis on The Scarlet Letter". Letter or number by themselves: 1.John was annoyed; they had forgotten the h in his name once again. 2. When she saw her name beside the 1 on the rankings, she finally had proof that she was the best.

3. Italics/Underlining • Thought Process: "This can't be happening, thought Mary.”

4. Bold/ColoredPrint • Emphasis: Emphasize a word that is important to the text

5. Sidebars • Information placed adjacent to the text to support the text

6. Indentation • To indicate a new paragraph or separate information or writing to clarify material

7. Illustrations/Graphics/Photography • Use these to visually support your text

8. Headings & Subheadings • Heading Indicate the nature of the article below Subheading Indicates the information below

9. Footnotes • Typically used to provide immediate citations (where the author found the information)

10. Annotation • Personal notes or messages to the reader about the text.

11. Your assignment today & tomorrow • Get into groups of 3 • Create a Powerpoint about the 9 external text structures • Each of the text structures must include: • Definition & • 2 Examples • Save to the I: drive and your group will present on Wednesday to the class.