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This resource by Louise Potter and Colm Dooley explores the learning gap between effective learning theories and current classroom practices. It emphasizes the importance of active teaching and learning, incorporating various methodologies that address different learning styles—visual, auditory, and kinesthetic. By promoting interaction, metacognition, and creativity, educators can foster a more engaging environment. The document outlines strategies, roles of teachers, and addresses potential concerns in implementing cooperative learning. Discover how to transform your teaching for better student outcomes.
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Active Learning Methodologies in Classics Facilitators: Louise Potter & Colm Dooley
The Learning Gap = the difference between what we know about effective learning... and what is currently happening in the classroom.
Active teaching and Learning • Presumes all are doing and thinking about doing.
Learning Theories • Visual/Auditory/Kinesthetic • Left Brain/Right Brain • Multiple Intelligences • Co-operative/Group Learning • http://www.lancsngfl.ac.uk/nationalstrategy/literacy/files/TheBrainandLearning.pdf
Visual/Auditory/Kinaesthetic Learners • Visual Learners Prefer to see information • Auditory Learners Prefer to hear information • Kinaesthetic Learners Learn best by doing, touching, making
LEFT Brain RIGHT Brain • Language • Linearity • Logic • Number/Maths • Sequence • Words of a Poem • From whole to parts • Phonetic reading • Unrelated Facts • Forms and patterns • Spatial manipulation • Dimension • Synthesis • Images and patterns • Rhythm and Music • Tune of a Song • From parts to Whole • Imagination
LOGICAL-MATHEMATICAL How can I bring in numbers, calculations, logic, classifications, or critical thinking skills? SPATIAL How can I use visual aids, visualisation, colour, art or metaphor? INTERPERSONAL How can I engage students in peer sharing or co-operative learning? LINGUISTIC How can I use spoken or written word? Planning for Multiple Intelligences INTRAPERSONAL How can I evoke personal feelings or memories, or give students choices? MUSICAL How can I bring in music or environmental sounds, or set key points in a rhythmic or melodic framework? NATURALIST How can I draw in/evoke the world of nature? BODILY-KINAESTHETIC How can I involve the whole body or use hands-on experiences? Adapted from Howard Gardner
What is active learning? • Active learning involves students doing things and thinking about what they are doing. • Active teaching and learning involves the use of strategies which maximise opportunities for interaction.
Attempts to avoid… • Parroting in a vacuum • Anonymity • Disturbance/Misbehaviour • Domination by the few • Predictability • Boredom
Attempts to… • Develop skills • Promote metacognition • Promote collegiality • Promote perseverance/resilience • Engage/Motivate • Promote problem solving and creativity
Write down the objective/learning outcome verbs that you would most often use for your classes
How many of these? • Reduce • Change • Replace • Add • Arrange • Connect • Compose • Invent • Predict • Qualify • Assemble • Sequence
This is not new thinking… I HEAR AND I FORGET I SEE AND I REMEMBER I DO AND I UNDERSTAND Confucius 5th Century BCE China “One must learn by doing the thing, for though you think you know it-you have no certainty, until you try.” Sophocles 5thCentury BCE Greece
So how does this thinking alter the role of the teacher in the classroom?
Old V NewRole of the teacher • Designer • Creator • ‘Scaffolder’ • Facilitator • Reflective practitioner • Active researcher • Innovator Receptacle of knowledge. Examinations expert. Authoritarian Text Book dominated Transferral methods Traditional
Concerns about cooperative/active learning • Losing control • Dominance by strong individuals • Discussion goes off track • Takes too long to set up • Lecture gets through material quicker • Necessary level of planning by teacher, for it to work properly, just too much. • Large class sizes not conducive. • Physical environment not suitable. • Tradition-Parents/Students/Management
Active/Cooperative learning methods • Polling • Group work • Think pair share • Jigsaw • Group projects • Vox Pop • Wiki • Snowball • Think, pair share • Diamond 9 • Walking Debate • Interview • Hot Seat • Role play • Freeze Frame • Brainstorming • Using clickers or traffic lights(caution) • Sandwich technique
Group Work • Remember students may not know how to behave. They may not be used to facing each other where facial expressions can be even more hurtful than words. • All ideas must be valued equally. • One person speaks the rest listen • Everyone should record though one person might be nominated as reporter. • Clear objectives need to be established
Tasks within group….Differentiation • Reader • Illustrator • Reporter • Time Keeper • Observer (Like secretary) • Chairperson (Interpersonal) • Group critic • Runner – Clarifies with the teacher • Summariser
Some reading suggestions: • Mike Hughes • Edward De Bono • Carol McGuinness • Paul Ginnis
Teaching is an act of CREATIVITY