Progressive Movement under Taft and Wilson
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Progressive Movement under Taft and Wilson. Ch 11, Sec 3-4. William Howard Taft. TR’s Sec. of War; TR’s handpicked successor. Elected 1908. Progressive, not strong or decisive as TR. Tried, failed to reduce tariffs. Did not conserve US land like TR, allowed exploitation.
Progressive Movement under Taft and Wilson
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Progressive Movement under Taft and Wilson Ch 11, Sec 3-4
William Howard Taft • TR’s Sec. of War; TR’s handpicked successor. • Elected 1908. • Progressive, not strong or decisive as TR. • Tried, failed to reduce tariffs. • Did not conserve US land like TR, allowed exploitation. • 1910, TR returns from African safari to see US dislike of Taft; begins Bull Moose Party (Progressive 3rd Party) to challenge Taft.
Bull Moose Party wanted: tariff reduction, women’s suffrage, 8 hour workday, ban child labor. • TR shot in attempted assassination while campaigning. • 1912-4 way election: • Republicans – William Taft • Bull Moose (Progressive) – Theodore Roosevelt • Democrats – Woodrow Wilson • Socialists – Eugene V. Debs (labor leader) • Woodrow Wilson won.
Woodrow Wilson • President of Princeton, governor of New Jersey, reputation as reformer. • Passed tariff reduction. • Created first income tax. • Passed Clayton Antitrust Act; laid out activities that business couldn’t do. • Created Federal Reserve System; created 12 Federal Reserve banks, served as banks for the banks, would prevent panics. • Banks kept money in FR bank, could borrow money to meet short term needs. • 1916 - won 2nd term on Progressive policies, “he kept us out of war (WWI)”.
Progressives did not mess with race relations. • Maintained Jim Crow and segregation. • Progressivism wound down during WWI.
Women’s Suffrage • For 70 years, US women pushed for voting rights. • 1848-Seneca Falls Convention-Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mott. • Susan B. Anthony-big suffragette, brought attention using civil disobedience. • nonviolent refusal to obey a law in effort to change it. • Anthony & others pushed for state amendments for suffrage, constitutional amendment. • 1890-Wyoming first state to let women vote.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton Lucretia Mott
New Generation of Suffragettes • Stanton died in 1902, Anthony in 1906. • Alice Paul, Lucy Burns took over movement. • Held protests, burned Wilson in effigy, got arrested, held hunger strikes. • Pushed harder and harder. • 1919, Congress finally debated suffrage amendment, passed it, sent it to states. • 1920-19th Amendment ratified. • Can’t deny right to vote based on sex.
