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Revolution in China

This overview chronicles the turbulent era of the Chinese Civil War, highlighting the ideological struggle between the Nationalist Party led by Sun Yat-sen and Chiang Kai-shek, and the Chinese Communist Party spearheaded by Mao Zedong. It details the formation and initial cooperation of the parties against warlords, their eventual split, and the rise of the Communist government after the Nationalists' defeat in 1949. Key events such as the Long March and the Cultural Revolution illustrate the tumultuous journey towards a socialist society, marked by significant social upheaval and resistance.

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Revolution in China

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  1. Revolution in China Communists vs. Nationalists

  2. Right to Rule - 1920 • Nationalist Party • Sun Yat-sen then Chiang Kai-shek • Chinese Communist Party

  3. Combination of Parties • Both parties combined • Why? Both opposed warlords and to drive out the imperial powers

  4. Separation of Parties • Shek attacks Chinese Communist in Shangai • Founded new Chinese republic of Nanjing • Communist went into hiding – Shek tries to root out all Communists

  5. The Long March • People’s Liberation Army (PLA) – Comm. • Travel 6000 miles by foot to reach Communist base in northwest China

  6. 2 Chinese Government - 1945 • Nationalist Gov (Shek) – southern and central China (US supports) • Communist Gov (Mao) – Northern China

  7. Civil War • Peasants were attracted to Communist (mil) – liked the promise of land • By 1949 they defeated the Nationalist – fled to Taiwan (2 Mil)

  8. New Socialist Society • Land taken away from the wealthy – given to poor (2/3’s of peasants received land) • Private farmland was collectivized • Why? Increase food production and allow people to work ind. • Industry and commerce was nationalized

  9. Great leap Forward - 1954 • Collective farms combined into communes (3000 people) • Purpose – reach final stage of communism – classless system • Total disaster • Decreased in food production • 15 mil. Died of starvation

  10. Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution - 1966 • “Great Revolution to create a proletarian (working class) culture • Mao wanted an atmosphere of constant revolution fever

  11. Red Guards • Young people • Rid nation of “Four Olds” • Old ideas • Old culture • Old customs • Old habits • Ex – destroyed temples, books by foreigners, and foreign music • Individuals were attacked • Intellectuals and artists of Pro-Western ideas • Mao Zedong dies in 1976

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