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PACEMAKER

PACEMAKER. NEED FOR CARDIAC PACEMAKER. Rhythmic beating of heart originates from SA node If SA node doesn’t function properly results in decreased heart rate & change in ECG waveform. PACEMAKER CONSIST OF 2 PARTS. Electronic unit Lead. ELECTRODES. UNIPOLAR BIPOLAR. TYPES OF PACEMAKER.

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PACEMAKER

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  1. PACEMAKER

  2. NEED FOR CARDIAC PACEMAKER • Rhythmic beating of heart originates from SA node • If SA node doesn’t function properly results in decreased heart rate & change in ECG waveform

  3. PACEMAKER CONSIST OF 2 PARTS • Electronic unit • Lead

  4. ELECTRODES • UNIPOLAR • BIPOLAR

  5. TYPES OF PACEMAKER • EXTERNAL PACEMAKER • Used in cases of cardiac standstill • Applied through metal electrode placed on surface of body • It applies upto 80mA of pulses through 50sq.cm electrode on chest • DISADVANTAGE • Requires maximum of 150V pulses • Electrodes tend to burn skin • Electric pulses become painful • Each impulse causes uncomfortable contraction of thoracic muscles around the area under electrodes

  6. INTERNAL PACEMAKER • Stimulating pulses can be applied to a heart through a catheter passing through a vein & connected to heart • ADVANTAGES • Pacing current required is less • Voltage o/p of internal PM is about 0-15V

  7. POWER SOURCE • Life of PM is determined by the current consumption of electronic circuit and availability energy in the unit • Hg batteries, biological batteries, nuclear batteries, li cells. • Lithium iodide battery most commonly used • Life span:5-8 yrs

  8. IMPLANTABLE PACEMAKER • Electrodes are implanted beneath the skin • o/p leads are connected directly to the heart muscle • Pulse generator is powered by small batteries

  9. PACEMAKER • ASYNCHRONOUS • Fixed rate • Impulse produced at a set rate • No relation to patients intrinsic cardiac activity

  10. SYNCHRONOUS • Demand mode • Sensing circuit searches for instrinsic depolarization potential • If absent, pacing response is generated

  11. LEADS • SUTURELESS • POROUS

  12. REFERENCES • www.google.com • Wikipedia

  13. THANK YOU

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