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Evolution of Plant Pathology: From Ancient Observations to Modern Practices

This overview traces the history of plant pathology across four key phases: Ancient, Dark, Renaissance, and Modern periods. Starting with Theophrastus's early studies of plant diseases, we examine the lack of progress during the Dark period. The Renaissance brought significant advancements with pioneers like Anton van Leeuwenhoek, who improved microscopy, and Anton de Bary, who established fungal causes of diseases. The Modern period highlights the establishment of the germ theory and advances in plant disease management. Discover how plant pathology has evolved into a dynamic field today, integrating biotechnology and ecological studies.

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Evolution of Plant Pathology: From Ancient Observations to Modern Practices

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  1. WELCOMETO ALL Prof. M. Ashrafuzzaman Dept. Plant Pathology, BAU

  2. Four Phases Ancient period Dark period Renaissance period Modern period History of Plant Pathology

  3. Ancient Period • Theophrastus (300-286 B.C.) • Study and write about the diseases of trees, cereals and legumes in his book enquiry into plants • His approach was observational and speculative rather than experimental. • Theory of spontaneous generation Father of botany

  4. DARK PERIOD • 300AD and 1300AD • Also called pre-renaissance period in history • no increase in the knowledge of plant pathology

  5. PRE-MODERN/ RENAISSANCE PERIOD/AUTOGENIC ERA (17th –mid 19th) • 1675 A. D.-Anton van Leeuwenhoek (Holland) • Invented compound microscope in 1675 • In 1683 he described bacteria seen with this microscope

  6. 1729 A. D.-Pier Antonio Micheli (Italian) • Observed fungal spores for the first time and conducted many spore germination studies in 1729 • He published a book “Nova Plantarum Genera” in which he gave descriptions about 1900 species in Latin out of which 900 were fungi. Father of Mycology.

  7. 3) 1755 A. D.-Tillet (French) • Published a paper on bunt or stinking smut of wheat • He reported the chemical treatment of seeds

  8. MODERN PERIOD/ GOLDEN ERA/PATHOGENIC ERA (1800 – 1900) • IRIS FAMINE • In 1845, the potato crop in Ireland was completely wiped out by late blight disease • caused great famine in 1846. • This resulted in the death of hundreds of thousands of people • immigration of more than one and a half million Irish to United States.

  9. 4) 1853 A. D.-Anton De Bary (Germany) • established that fungi are the causes, not result of plant diseases • renamed the casual organism of late blight as Phytophthora infestans. • He discovered heteroecious nature of rust fungi • Detailed life cycles of downy mildew • He wrote a book named “Morphology and Physiology of fungi, lichens and Myxomycetes” (1866). • father modern Mycology

  10. 8) 1879 A. D.- Robert Koch • Established the germ theory • Germ theory • diseases are caused by the presence and actions of specific micro-organisms • that microorganisms are the cause of many diseases.

  11. 8) 1889 A. D. Beijerinck (Dutch) • proved that the virus is not a living microorganism. • N.A. Cobb • Contributed a lot to nematode morphology, taxonomy and methodology • Founder of virology • Founder of nematology

  12. Paul Neergaard • Father of seed pathology

  13. Bengal Famine 1943 Brown spot diseases

  14. Bangladesh perspective • Department of plant pathology • Seed Pathology Centre • Plant Disease diagnostic Clinic

  15. Today’ Plant Pathology • Some major trends were in the following areas: • Physiological plant pathology • Genetics of the host and the pathogens • Environment and its relation to plant disease • Nature of disease resistance in plants • Biochemistry and physiology of the diseased plants • Tissue culture in plant pathology • Ecological study of plant pathogens • Integrated plant disease management • Biotechnology and genetic engineering

  16. THANKS TO ALL

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