Overview of Joint Movements: Types and Characteristics of Synovial Joint Motions

Movement at Joints

Types of Motions at Synovial Joints • Gliding • flat bone surfaces moving across each other • Flexion • decrease in angle between articulating bones • Extension • Increase in angle between articulating bones • Hyperextension • Bending beyond 180o degrees • moving humerus backwards behind anatomical position

Figure 7.4a B C A

Figure 7.4b A C B

Figure 7.4c A B

Figure 7.4e A C B

Figure 7.4f A B

Types of Motions at Synovial Joints • Abduction • movement of bone away from midline • Adduction • movement of bone toward midline • Circumduction • movement of distal end in a circle • Rotation • bone revolves around its own longitudinal axis

Figure 7.5a A B

Figure 7.5b B A

Figure 7.5c B A

Figure 7.6a A

Figure 7.6b A

Figure 7.7a A

Figure 7.7b A B

Special Movements at Synovial Joints • Elevation • lift upward • Depression • downward movement • Protraction • movement forward • Retraction • movement back to anatomical position

Figure 7.8ab B A

Figure 7.8cd A B

Special Movements at Synovial Joints • Inversion • move of soles medially (inward) • Toward each other • Eversion • move soles laterally (outward) • Away from each other • Dorsiflexion • point (flex) toes upward • As if standing on your heels • Plantar flexion • bend (point) toes downward • Like a ballerinia

Figure 7.8ef A B

Figure 7.8g A B

Special Movements at Synovial Joints • Supination • movement of forearm so palms face forward or upward • As if in anatomical position • Pronation • movement of forearm so palms face backward or downward

Figure 7.8h A B

Overview of Joint Movements: Types and Characteristics of Synovial Joint Motions