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Seven Years’ War. The Great War for Empire. French & Indian War. Warm Up. What does this passage mean to you? ‘ In a sense, the history of the United States began with the fall of Quebec and Montreal: the infant republic was cradled on the Plains of Abraham ’.
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Seven Years’ War The Great War for Empire French & Indian War
Warm Up What does this passage mean to you? ‘In a sense, the history of the United States began with the fall of Quebec and Montreal: the infant republic was cradled on the Plains of Abraham’
France vs Great Britain • King William’s War,1689 – 1713 • France vs GB • part of a bigger conflict b/w France, GB & Spain for trading rights • British victory -1713 • control of northern Canada, • Nova Scotia (Acadia) & Newfoundland • 40 years later will cause the migration of Acadians ‘cajuns’ to French held Louisiana • Est. a 50 year period of salutary neglect by GB of its American colonies • GB will not need to enforce Navigation Acts
What do these images have to do with the French & Indian War?
War of Jenkin’sEar -King George’s War (1744-48) • Small part of the conflict in Europe known as the War of Austrian Succession • Spain attacked British merchant ship & tried to reneg on slave trade agreement w/Britain
French & Indian War, 1754 - 1763 • Began in NA, but spread to Europe, Africa & the Philippines (Seven Years’ War) • British colonists wanted to expand into the Ohio Valley, but France needed to control this area to link Canada to the Mississippi Valley • 1754 Albany Congress set up a plan of union to help defend the colonies against Indian/French attacks
Causes of F&I War • Iroquois end trade w/France & give trade concession to the British (1748-) • French build forts in the Ohio Valley • VA Gov. Dinwiddie sends militia (led by G. Washington) to challenge French presence • French attack Fort Necessity, Washington surrenders • GB declares war • Early battles at Ft. Duquesne (F&I win) • Quebec City (GB win)* ultimately leads to British victory in the Americas
Indian territories, 1754 Iroquois Confederacy –Mohawk, Oneida, Seneca, Cayuga (GB allies) Huron, Algonquin (French Allies )
Effects of the F&I War • Treaty of Paris (1763) • France gave control of lands east of the Mississippi & Canada to GB • Iroquois & other interior tribes lost the ability to play rival European nations off each other • Pontiac’s War –Ottawa chief led tribes against British settlers in Detroit, killing more than 2,000 • British retaliated with inflicting smallpox on Indians • GB establishes the Proclamation Line • settlement west banned in order to work out potential conflicts w/ Indians west of the Appalachians