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Review of the 1999 Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone. Albena Karadjova Secretariat of the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution TFMM, 10-12 May 2006, Helsinki. The Gothenburg Protocol review. Entry into force: 17 May 2005 Article 10
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Review of the 1999 Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone Albena Karadjova Secretariat of the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution TFMM, 10-12 May 2006, Helsinki
The Gothenburg Protocol review • Entry into force: 17 May 2005 • Article 10 • Review process: December 2005 – December 2007 (first inputs in November 2006) Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
What should be reviewed? (i) The Parties’ obligations in relation to their calculated and internationally optimized allocations of emission reductions, referred to in article 7.5 i.e. the emission ceilings in annex II Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
What should be reviewed? • The adequacy of the obligations • the achievement of emission ceilings (art. 3.1) • application of emission limit values (art. 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, and 3.5) • application of measures to control ammonia emissions (art. 3.8 (a) • application of measures to products (art. 3.7) Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
What should be reviewed? (iii) Progress towards achieving the objective of the Protocol as set out in its article 2 “ …to control and reduce emissions of sulphur, NOx, ammonia and VOC caused by anthropogenic activity so as to ensure that […] atmospheric depositions or concentrations of these substances do not exceed the critical loads as described in annex I of the Protocol “ Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
Purpose of the review Indicate : • Whether, in view of the latest scientific knowledge, the emission ceilings in annex II and the obligations of the Protocol are adequate for achieving its objective; and • What progress has been made towards achieving this objective Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
Possible outcomes (i) The emission ceilings and the obligations are adequate and on the way to being fully implemented; the objective will be achieved, possible further step a revision of the Protocol with a higher ambition level (ii) The obligations will not lead to achieving the objective of the Protocol and need to be revised (iii) Protocol obligations are adequate, but degree of implementation insufficient; stronger implementation measures needed Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
Necessary inputs I. From WGE: • Monitored effects on human health, ecosystems and materials • Critical loads (acidity and eutrophication) • Dynamic modelling of ecosystems recovery • Critical levels (ozone) • Land use maps • Human health effects • Effects on materials, historical and cultural heritage and related economic impacts Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
Necessary inputs II. From EMEP: • Emission data • Unified Eulerian EMEP model • Source-receptor matrices • RAINS model framework • Land use maps • Development of baseline scenario (2010/2020) • Hemispheric transport of air pollution Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
Necessary inputs III. From WGSR: • Abatement costs • Annexes review wit binding [emission] limit values • Review of annex II (national emission ceilings) • Scheduled evaluation of emission limit values (art. 3, para.4) with a view to amending annexes IV, V and VIII • Guidance documents/emerging technologies • PM • Development of baseline scenario (2010/2020) Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
Proposed outline - 1 I. Introduction II. Concentration and deposition levels III. Effects on human health, natural ecosystems, materials and crops IV. National emission ceilings V. Emission limit values Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
Proposed outline - 2 VI. The role of hemispheric transport VII. Synergies with climate change VIII. Particulate matter IX. Progress towards achieving the objective of teh Protocol X. Conclusions Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
Next steps - A revised secretariat note on the preparations for the review of the Protocol to reflect discussions at the meeting of the HoDs to the WGSR held in April 2006 - Discussions and approval by the EMEP Steering Body,WGE, WGSR at their sessions in September 2006 - First inputs to be submitted to the secretariat in November 2006 Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
Thank you! Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution