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Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates. Annie Rotman, Allie Queler, Maddie Bovi, Max Coren and Nate Cole. Elements that are in Carbohydrates. There are 3 elements that make up carbohydrates: -Oxygen -Carbon -Hydrogen. Details about Structure.

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Carbohydrates

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  1. Carbohydrates Annie Rotman, Allie Queler, Maddie Bovi, Max Coren and Nate Cole

  2. Elements that are in Carbohydrates There are 3 elements that make up carbohydrates: -Oxygen -Carbon -Hydrogen

  3. Details about Structure 1.Carbohydrates are commonly in the shape of a ring. For every 1 carbon, there are 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen. 2. A monosaccharide is a plain, simple carbohydrate. A disaccharide is a carbohydrate, but it is made up of 2 monosaccharides. 3. Starch: A carbohydrate containing a large number of glucose units. Cellulose: An organic compound of a polysaccharide with a chain of 7000 to 10,000 glucose units.

  4. Structure of Glucose Monomers Three monosaccharides of carbohydrates are: • glucose • fructose • galactose Glucose is also called dextrose and it is a sweet sugar found in fruits and vegetables. Fructose can be called levulose and the “fruit sugar.” It is mostly in fruits and honey. Galactose is not usually found in nature and is often found in milk and dairy products.

  5. Polymers Examples of Disaccharides: -sucrose -lactose -maltose Examples of Polysaccharides: -starch -glycogen -celulose

  6. Key Functions of Carbohydrates Primary Function - the glucose in carbohydrates uses sugar for energy and is used to fill your brain. *Supply the body with energy* Secondary Function - energy storage in the form of polysaccharides. ***Polysaccharides are carbohydrate polymers consisting of tens to hundreds to several thousand monosaccharide units. Plants have Starch- plants store glucose as the polysaccharide starch. Animals have Glycogen- Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in animals and humans which is analogous to the starch in plants.

  7. Examples in Living Things These two carbohydrates give living things energy to function -Glucose -Starch Glucose and starch are in many foods like bread, rice, cereal and crackers.

  8. Explanation of structure in relations to function A carbohydrate is an organic compound that is composed of the atoms of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon. Carbohydrates all have a ratio of 1 oxygen atom, 2 hydrogen atoms, and 1 carbon atom. The main function of carbohydrates is short-term energy storage.

  9. Bibliography http://www.scientificpsychic.com/fitness/carbohydrates.html http://www.myfitnesspal.com/topics/show/620908-what-s-the-optimal-ratio-of-carbs-protein-and-fat http://www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/treatment-and-care/ask-the-expert/ask-the-dietitian/archives/what-foods-have-the-most-1.html http://www.orthomolecular.org/nutrients/mono.html http://www.fi.edu/learn/brain/carbs.html http://www.chem4kids.com/files/bio_carbos.html http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/carbohydrates.htm

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