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Performance of sand seals in the Kruger National Park

Performance of sand seals in the Kruger National Park. K. Louw and S. Schoeman. R o a d s - t h e a r t e r I e s o f A f r i c a. Colas South Africa (Pty) Ltd. If required, position logo of Presenter’s Organisation within this text box.

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Performance of sand seals in the Kruger National Park

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  1. Performance of sand seals in the Kruger National Park K. Louw and S. Schoeman R o a d s - t h e a r t e r I e s o f A f r i c a Colas South Africa (Pty) Ltd If required, position logo of Presenter’s Organisation within this text box Best practice in flexible pavement design, construction and maintenance

  2. First recorded visit by motor vehicles in 1927 By 1930 some 450 miles of gravel roads established First surfacing of 59 km of road in 1964 First bitumen supplied in drums and melted in kettle Heated bitumen transferred to tractor drawn sprayer Vehicle count in 2003 was 261,736 Over 900 km of surfaced roads in 2003 Introduction

  3. The Kruger National Park road network

  4. Traffic - KNP

  5. Typical material properties of layer works

  6. Original melting kettle

  7. Grading of the sand

  8. Primary seal MC 30 @ 0,80 l/m2 150/200 pen bitumen @ 1,35 l/m2 hot River sand @ 0,011 to 0,014 m3/m2 Rolling with 22 ton PTR Remaining sand removed after one month Seconday seal (after six months) 150/200 pen bitumen @ 1,30 l/m2 hot River sand @ 0,011 to 0,014 m3/m2 PTR rolling KNP Sand seal - Specification

  9. Spraying of the binder

  10. Application of the sand

  11. The rolling process

  12. The surfacing activity raises a lot of interest

  13. Low dust generation

  14. Early stages of the seal

  15. Road verges are natural grazing area

  16. First reseal normally after 3 years Second reseal after first signs of fatique Second reseal generally after 15 to 20 years Maintenance Philosophy

  17. Condition of road network in 1999

  18. Test results obtained on recovered binder – 35 year old seal

  19. Conclusion Success of the sand seals can be attributed to: * Priming of the base * Two layered seal * High binder content of seal * Use of soft binder * Low traffic count * Good drainage

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