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Chapter 15 Urinary System

Chapter 15 Urinary System. Anatomy and Physiology II Harborth. Located from T 12 to L 3 vertebra 12x6x3 cm Hilus – ureters, renal blood vessels and nerves Adrenal gland on top of each kidney Renal capsule Adipose capsule. Kidneys. Renal cortex Renal medulla Medullary pyramids

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Chapter 15 Urinary System

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  1. Chapter 15Urinary System Anatomy and Physiology II Harborth

  2. Located from T12 to L3 vertebra • 12x6x3 cm • Hilus – ureters, renal blood vessels and nerves • Adrenal gland on top of each kidney • Renal capsule • Adipose capsule Kidneys

  3. Renal cortex • Renal medulla • Medullary pyramids • Renal columns • Renal pelvis • Calyces Kidneys

  4. Renal artery • Segmental arteries • Lobar arteries • Interlobar arteries • Arcuate arteries • Interlobular arteries • Renal veins • Interlobular veins • Arcuate veins • Interlobar veins • Renal veins Kidney Blood Supply

  5. Nephrons • Glomerulus • Afferent arteriole • Efferent arteriole • Peritubular capillaries • Renal tubule • Glomerular capsule • Cortical nephrons • Juxtamedullary nephrons Nephrons

  6. Filtration • Nonselective, passive • Blood plasma • Reabsorption • Tubular reabsorption • Filtrate is separated. Water, glucose, amino acids, etc… are reabsorbed. • Nitrogenous waste products stay in filtrate • Secretion • Urochrome makes urine yellow • Sterile and almost odorless when formed • Urine can be altered based on food/drugs Urine Formation

  7. Behind peritoneum from hilus to posterior bladder • Valvelike folds of bladder mucosa stop upward flow of urine Ureters

  8. 3 openings • Trigone • Prostate gland in males • Detrusor muscle • Transitional epithelium • Holds maximum of 2 pints Urinary Bladder

  9. Peristalsis moves urine from bladder out • Internal urethral sphincter • External urethral sphincter (voluntary) • Males • Carries urine and sperm Urethra

  10. Emptying bladder • When 200 ml of fluid collects, stretch receptors trigger reflex • Urine moved upper part of urethra • Micturition is voluntary but eventually happens on its own Micturition

  11. 50% females, 60% males is water • Intracellular Fluid • Extracellular Fluid • Electrolyte balance • ADH • Aldosterone • Renin-angiotensin mechanism Blood Water/Electrolyte Balance

  12. 7.35-7.45 pH • 7.35-7.0 = physiological acidosis • Respiratory System Controls • Renal Mechanisms • Excreting bicarbonate ions • Reabsorbing or making new bicarbonate ions • Blood buffers • Bicarbonate buffer system • H2CO3 and NaHCO3 Acid-Base Balance

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