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Lifestyle Diseases

Lifestyle Diseases. Cardiovascular Diseases Cancer Diabetes. Cardiovascular Diseases. Definition: The different diseases that result from progressive damage to the heart and blood vessels. Known Facts. CVDs are the leading cause of death in the USA

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Lifestyle Diseases

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  1. Lifestyle Diseases • Cardiovascular Diseases • Cancer • Diabetes

  2. Cardiovascular Diseases • Definition: The different diseases that result from progressive damage to the heart and blood vessels.

  3. Known Facts • CVDs are the leading cause of death in the USA • Twice as many people die from CVD’s than Cancer

  4. Types of Diseases • Stroke • High Blood Pressure • Heart Attack • Atherosclerosis

  5. Stroke • Blood flow to a portion of the brain is interrupted. • Reasons; • Blood Clot – A clot cuts off circulation. • Aneurysm – A hole forms in an artery that feeds the brain.

  6. Stroke Symptoms: • Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm, or a leg • Vision gets bad. • Sudden dizziness • Sudden Headache

  7. Called the silent killer Blood pressure is the force that blood exerts against the inside walls of a blood vessel. High blood pressure can injure the walls of blood vessels, make the heart work harder, and can damage the kidneys and eyes High Blood PressureHypertension

  8. Coronary Heart DiseaseCan Cause a Heart Attack!

  9. How Does Coronary Artery Disease Develop? • Before your teen years, fat starts to deposit in the blood vessel walls. As you get older, the fat builds up. This causes injury to your blood vessel walls. In an attempt to heal itself, the cells release chemicals that make the walls sticky.

  10. Heart Attack • Coronary Arteries carry nutrients and oxygen to the cells of the heart. • When coronary arteries become narrow, the heart muscle is deprived of oxygen. • The narrowing is usually caused by a build up of plaque.

  11. Warning Signs of a Heart Attack • Uncomfortable pressure, squeezing in Pain in the center of the chest. • Pain spreading to the shoulders, neck, and arms. • Chest discomfort combined with; • Sweating, nausea,and shortness of breath

  12. Atherosclerosis • Fatty deposits know as plague build up on the inside walls of arteries

  13. Atherosclerosis is dangerous for two reasons. • Reduce of stop blood flow to parts of the body- • These deposits can break free and release clots in the bloodstream. • If clots come to rest in the coronary arteries the results is a heart attack. • If clots come to rest in the brain the results is a stroke.

  14. Detecting and Treating CVDs The earlier you detect the Better Chance of reducing the damage of the disease

  15. Blood Pressure Test • Systolic – Pressure in arteries when heart is contracting – top # • Diastolic – Pressure in arteries between beats. (heart is relaxed) – bottom # • Normal pressure between 80/50 and 130/85 • High pressure 140/90 or greater

  16. ElectocardiogramEKG • An EKG machine measures electrical activity of the heart. Irregular heart beat can be seen.

  17. Ultrasound • Used to see the live pumping of the heart and the action of the heart values.

  18. Angiography Is a test where dye is infected into the coronary arteries. A fluoroscope is used to see where the dye travels and to see where the blockages are

  19. Treating CVDs • Diet and Exercise

  20. Medicines • Lower blood pressure • Dilate Blood Vessels • Nitroglycerin

  21. Surgery • Coronary Bypass Surgery – vein from the leg is used

  22. Angioplasty • Place a balloon in the artery that is blocked by Plaque and then inflated to open the artery

  23. Pacemakers • Battery powered to make the heart beat. • The heart’s natural pacemaker is unable to function properly

  24. Transplants • Two types – • Artificial • Hearts from people

  25. The Key Prevention

  26. Lower the Risk of CVDs • Trim the fat • Keep you weight near recommended levels • Don’t smoke • Get moving • Watch those numbers • Blood pressure and cholesterol checked • Relax

  27. Cancer • Uncontrolled cell growth

  28. As more faulty cells are produced; • Tumors are created. • Two types • Benign • Malignant

  29. BenignDoes not spread or invade other tissueNon-Cancerous

  30. MalignantA mass of cells that invade and destroy other tissue

  31. Facts about Cancer 2nd leading cause of death in the US. • #1 type of cancer in the US – Skin Cancer • #2 type of cancer in the US – Digestive system cancer. (colon or rectum

  32. 2 Metastasis – cells break away and travel by way of lymph or blood. . 1. Direct Extension – Cancerous cells crowd out healthy tissue. How Cancer Spreads

  33. What Causes Cancer • This comes from the damage of Genes that give the cell directions about cell division. • This can happen in a variety of ways.

  34. Inherited Genes You may get these genes from your parents and this makes it more likely that you could contact different types of cancer

  35. Cancer Causing Agents Know as Carcinogens – Viruses radiation or ultraviolet rays Chemicals – (tobacco) asbestos – used to fireproof material Many of the carcinogens can be avoided!

  36. Detecting Cancer • Warning Signs of • Cancer

  37. Cancer’s Warning Signs

  38. 1.   Change in bowel habit. (loose or constipation)

  39. 2.   Asore that does not heal.

  40. 3.  Unusual bleeding or discharge

  41. 4. Thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere.

  42. 5.  Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing.

  43. 6. Obvious change in a wart or mole.

  44. 7. Nagging cough or hoarseness.

  45. Additional Signs Fatigue Unexplained Weight Loss

  46. Treatments 1. Radiation

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