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Ch. 19

Ch. 19. An Age of Exploration and Isolation 1400-1800. Section 1. Europeans Explore the East. 1400’s. Spices Most important trade good from the East Italy Profited the most from trade with the East after the Crusades. Motives behind European exploration. Caravel.

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Ch. 19

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  1. Ch. 19 An Age of Exploration and Isolation 1400-1800

  2. Section 1 Europeans Explore the East

  3. 1400’s • Spices • Most important trade good from the East • Italy • Profited the most from trade with the East after the Crusades

  4. Motives behind European exploration

  5. Caravel • Could sail effectively against the wind • Portugal • Leader in developing and applying sailing innovations

  6. Prince Henry • “The Navigator” • Portuguese leader in overseas exploration • Founded a navigation school

  7. Portuguese sailors • Bartolomeu Dias • Captained the first ship to sail around the tip of Africa • AKA: Cape of Good Hope

  8. Portuguese sailors • Vasco da Gama • Gained Portugal a sea route between Portugal and India

  9. Spain and Portugal • Both made exploration claims • Line of Demarcation • Established a boundary between new land each could claim • Treaty of Tordesillas • Purpose • Decrease conflict over claiming of new lands

  10. Challenger to Portugal • Netherlands(Dutch) • Dominated Indian Ocean trade by 1700

  11. Section 2 China Limits European Contacts

  12. Ming Dynasty • Ruled China at the end of the Mongol rule • Hongwu • Son of peasants • Founded the Ming Dynasty • Yonglo • Attempted to expand China’s tribute system • Sponsored voyages of exploration

  13. Ming Dynasty • Yonglo • Moved the Chinese capital to Beijing • Built the Forbidden City

  14. Ming Dynasty • Zheng He • Led all seven exploration voyages

  15. Ming Dynasty • Foreign trade • Only conducted by the government

  16. Qing Dynasty • Founded in the mid 1600’s by the Manchus • Rulers • Kangxi • Reduced government spending • Lowered taxes • Supported intellectuals by offering government positions • Qian-long

  17. Quig Dynasty • Dutch • Accepted Chinese restictions • Paid tribute to the emporer • Gifts • “kowtow” ritual

  18. Quig Dynasty • Manchus • Korea • A vassal state

  19. Japan Returns to Isolation Section 3

  20. What are some of the things that improved the quality of life in China and Japan during the 1600s and 1700s?

  21. Daimyo • lords in a new kind of Japanese feudalism

  22. Oda Nobunaga • rule ended the "warring states" period • did not succeed in unifying Japan

  23. Tokugawa Ieyasu • 1600 • Finally unified Japan • Used the "alternate attendance policy" to control the daimyo 

  24. Tokugawa Ieyasu • Founded the Tokugawa Shogunate • Military government

  25. Christian Missionaries in Japan • Successful • Upset Tokugawa Ieyasu • Feared religious uprising

  26. Japan • Japan remained closed to Europeans for more than 200 years.

  27. Why might Europe have been more eager to trade with China and Japan during this time than China and Japan were to trade with Europe? China Japan

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