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Understanding Electromagnetic Radiation: Types, Spectrum, and Properties

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This comprehensive overview explores electromagnetic (EM) radiation, a fundamental phenomenon produced by the motion of electrically charged particles. EM radiation travels as transverse waves and does not require a medium, moving at the speed of light (300,000 km/s) in a vacuum. The EM spectrum encompasses various types of radiation, including radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet (UV), X-rays, and gamma rays, each differing in energy and frequency. Understanding these types is essential for applications ranging from communication to medical treatments.

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Understanding Electromagnetic Radiation: Types, Spectrum, and Properties

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Ch. 19 - Light I. Electromagnetic Radiation (p.528-535) • EM Radiation • EM Spectrum • Types of EM Radiation

  2. A. EM Radiation • Electromagnetic Radiation • transverse waves produced by the motion of electrically charged particles • does not require a medium • speed in a vacuum = 300,000 km/s • electric and magnetic components are perpendicular

  3. A. EM Radiation • Photons • tiny, particle-like bundles of radiation • absorbed and released by electrons • energy increases with wave frequency

  4. B. EM Spectrum long  low f low energy short  high f high energy

  5. C. Types of EM Radiation • Radiowaves • lowest energy EM radiation

  6. C. Types of EM Radiation • Radiowaves • FM - frequency modulation • AM - amplitude modulation • Microwaves • penetrate food and vibrate water & fat molecules to produce thermal energy

  7. C. Types of EM Radiation • Infrared Radiation(IR) • slightly lower energy than visible light • can raise the thermal energy of objects • thermogram - image made by detecting IR radiation

  8. R O Y G. B I V red orange yellow green blue indigo violet C. Types of EM Radiation • Visible Light • small part of the spectrum we can see • ROY G. BIV - colors in order of increasing energy

  9. C. Types of EM Radiation • Ultraviolet Radiation (UV) • slightly higher energy than visible light • Types: • UVA - tanning, wrinkles • UVB - sunburn, cancer • UVC - most harmful, sterilization

  10. C. Types of EM Radiation • Ultraviolet Radiation (UV) • Ozone layer depletion = UV exposure!

  11. C. Types of EM Radiation • X rays • higher energy than UV • can penetrate soft tissue, but not bones

  12. Radiation treatment using radioactive cobalt-60. C. Types of EM Radiation • Gamma rays • highest energy EM radiation • emitted by radioactive atoms • used to kill cancerous cells

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